7 
E. Injuries to nerves and nerve centers. 
Schiff-Ebstein. Intersection of thalami and peduncles Ulcer. 
Brown-Sequard. Anterior corpora quadrigemina Ulcer. 
Vidova. Injection of alcohol into vagus Negative. 
Vidova. Section of the sympathetic Ulcer. 
Yzeren. Section of the sympathetic with section of vagi below 
the diaphragm Ulcer. 
Saitta. Section of the sympathetic with section of vagi below 
the diaphragm . Ulcer. 
Ophuls. Section of the sympathetic with section of the vagi 
below the diaphragm Ulcer. 
Koch and Ewald. Section of cord and 5 per cent HC1 in 
stomach Ulcer. 
F. Local infection. 
Cohnheim. Injection. Infected suspensions of lead chromate. .Erosions and ulcers. 
Bottcher. Infection as cause of ulcer .Opposed by Korte. 
Nauwerck. Infection observed at edge of ulcer. 
Turck, in following the subject further has succeeded in producing 
ulcers of the stomach and duodenum in dogs by feeding B. coli com- 
munis for a variable length of time and as a result of his work considers 
that we now have, for the first time, a firm basis by which to solve the 
final or underhung etiology of gastric ulcer. 
In connection with the lesion in guinea pigs which we describe it is 
interesting to note that Turck a attempted the production of gastric 
ulcer in dogs by the injection of diphtheria toxine into the stomach 
wall. This, it seemed, did not produce an ulcer, but pinhead hemor- 
rhagic foci in the duodenum or local necroses near the pylorus. When 
the diphtheria toxine was injected into the mesenteric vessels, Turck 
also failed to produce ulcer, but obtained necroses in two weeks in the 
duodenum and near the pylorus. 
We find that gastric ulcer ma} T be produced in the guinea pig by the 
subcutaneous inoculation of diphtheria toxine given in sufficient quan- 
tity to cause the acute death of the animal. It follows injections of a 
minimal lethal dose, as well as the injection of the toxine-antitoxin 
mixture (L-f- dose) used in measuring the strength of diphtheria anti- 
toxin. When the toxine is completely neutralized b} T the antitoxin, as 
in the case of the L° mixture, and the animal afterwards killed, the 
stomach shows no lesion. 
The lesion is caused by infection with the diphtheria bacillus as well 
as by injections of the diphtheria toxine. We injected a number of 
guinea pigs with a young agar culture of B. diphtheria well washed to 
free it of toxine. The animals sickened and died in from four to six 
d&ys. The autopsj findings, so far as the stomach was concerned, were 
precisely similar to those seen in animals dead of toxine injections. 
« Chicago Pathological Society: Transactions, April, 1903. 
