395 
mark it 44 Compounded.” — Proc. Pennsylvania Pharm. Ass., 1906, 
p. 117. 
Bennett, C. T., reports ethyl citrate to be the latest ester used as 
an adulterant of lavender oil. — Chem. & Drug., Lond., 1906, v. 69, 
p. 691. 
See also a note by Charles Alex. Hill calling attention to the 
futility of guarantees given in respect of commodities, such as this oil, 
that they are 46 Ph. Brit.” — Ibid., v. 69, p. 732. 
Caspari, Chas. E., reports three samples examined — 2 U. S. P., 1 too 
low in ester content (21 per cent). — Proc. Missouri Pharm. Ass., 
1906, p. 103. 
Gane, E. H., reports that three lots of oil of lavender had a specific 
gravity of from 0.870 to 0.890 and were not up to the U. S. P. limit 
of sblubility. — Proc. Am. Pharm. Ass., 1906, v. 54, p. 341. 
OLEUM LIMONIS. 
Coumbe, C. W., (Ice Cream Trade J.) discussing in a very gen- 
eral way the production of lemon oil, attributes the great variations 
to differences in soil, location, and temperature, rather than to adul- 
teration. — Spatula, Boston, 1906, v. 12, pp. 817-819. 
A second article by the same author on lemon and orange oils and 
substitutes. — Ibid., v. 12, pp. 889-891. 
Francis, John M., thinks the introduction of an exact method of 
valuation by assay is a most welcome improvement, as it does not 
seem possible to control oil of lemon, nor that of sweet orange peel, 
by physical constants, solubility, etc. Much of the oil of lemon sold 
will not meet the assay requirements. — Bull. Pharm., Detroit, 1906, 
v. 20, p. 141. 
Schimmel & Co. assert that they have tested the assay for citral as 
given in the U. S. P. VIII, and have come to the conclusion that 
really exact determinations are not possible by this method, which 
they therefore characterize as unreliable. They also criticise the 
limit of optical rotation, as originally given, and point out that 
according to their experience the difference in the angle of rotation 
of the distillate from pure oils frequently amounts to 5°. — Semi- Ann. 
Rep., 1906, Apr.-May, p. 74. 
They assert that the specific gravity of oil of lemon fluctuates be- 
tween 0.857 and 0.861 at 15° C. The highest permissible rotation 
is +65. The vegetable wax-like constituents in oil of lemon gener- 
ally prevent the formation of a clear solution with alcohol. — Ibid., 
Oct.-Nov., p. 86. 
Chace, Edward MacKay, outlines a method for the determination 
of citral in lemon oils and extracts which depends on the recoloration 
of a solution of fuchsin in sulphurous acid, the essential point in 
