136 Prof. Schouw on the Geographic Dutribuiion of Grasses. 
food. In the same zone, in Africa, doura (sorghum), pisang, 
manibot, yams and Arachis hypogaa. In the East Indies and 
on the Indian islands, Eleusine coracana, E. stricta, Panicum 
Jrumeutaceum ; several palms and cycadeae, which produce the 
sago ; pisang, yams, batatas, and the bread-fruit (Artocarpus 
incisa). In the Islands of the South Sea, grain of every kind dis- 
appears, — its place being supplied by the bread-fruit tree, the 
pisang, and Jacca pmnatljida. In the tropical parts of New Hol- 
land there is no agriculture, — the inhabitants living on the pro- 
duce of the sago, of various palms, and some species of arum. 
In the high lands of South America there is a distribution 
similar to that of the degrees of latitude. Maize, indeed, grows 
to the height of 7200 feet above the level of the sea, but only 
predominates be.twcen 3000 and 6000 of elevation. Below 3000 
feet it is associated with the pisang, and the above-mentioned 
vegetables ; while, from COOO to 9260 feet, the European grains 
abound, wheat in the lower regions, and rye and barley in the 
higher; along with which Chcuopodmm Quhioa, as a nutritious 
plant, must also be eninnerated. Potatoes alone are cultivated 
from 9260 to 12,300 feet. 
To the sGuthof the Tropic of Cirpricorn, wherever agriculture is 
practised, considerable resemblance with the northern Temperate 
Zone may be observed. In the southern parts of Brazil, in Buenos 
Ayres, Chili, at the Cape of Good Hope, and in the Temperate 
Zone of New Holland, wheat predominates ; barley, however, 
and r 3 ^e, make their appearance in the southernmost parts of 
tliese countries, and in Van Diemaifs Land. In New Zealand 
the culture of wheat is said to have been tried with success ; but 
the inhabitants avail themselves of the Acrostlclmm furcaium, as 
the main article of sustenance. 
Hence, it appears, that, in respect of the predominating kinds 
of grain, the earth may be divided into five grand divisions or 
kingdoms : The kingdom of rice, of maize, wheat, rye ; and, 
lastly, of barley and oats. The three first are the most exten- 
sive; the maize has the greatest range of temperature; but rice 
may be said to support the greatest number of the human race. 
In Plates VI. and VII. these kingdoms are represented by dif- 
ferent colours. That the limits in nature are not abrupt, as on 
the map, will be obvious to ever}" one. Where, in any particii- 
