( m ) 
Art. XI.— J Memoh' on the Bag or Bladder occasionally 
protruded from the Mouth qfthe Dromedary. By Dr Paolo 
Savi, Professor of Natural History in the University of Pisa. 
(Concluded from p. 1 37.) 
The large canine teeth of the camel, and the incisive teeth 
in the upper jaw, which distinguish it from other ruminants, are 
well knowm to all naturalists ; and the excessive hardness of the 
gums and palate, by which it can feed, with impunity, on the 
most thorny and sapless plants, are equally noted. I shall, 
therefore, not treat of those parts, since none of them are con- 
nected with the immediate subject of this memoir, but pass di- 
rectly to describe the posterior part of the mouth. 
From the point where the last molar teeth are placed, spring 
the anterior arches of the palate ; from these the posterior arches 
are distant five inches, which cannot be seen on merely opening 
the mouth of the dromedary, without exposing entirely the ca- 
vity of the fauces. The space comprised between the anterior 
and posterior arches is occupied by the velum pendidum palati., 
or soft palate, from the middle of the free or posterior margin 
of which, in Man, and also in all the other mammalia, hangs 
the iLVula. It is not so in the adult dromedary. In it the uvula 
does not hang from the free margin of the soft palate, but from 
its anterior or adherent margin ; that is, from the crown of the 
anterior arches ; and, as this uvula is extremely large, having 
usually a length of 14 or 15 inches, it occupies, with its base, 
not only the entire crown of that palatal arch, but also the up- 
per third of the internal margin of the two crura or pillars of 
the posterior arch ; and descending in front of the velum pendu- 
lum palat^ shuts up, like a curtain, the opening into the fauces. 
Its anterior margin is free ; but the posterior is united to the 
whole middle longitudinal portion of the velum pendulum palatiy 
by means of a membranous fold, forming a sort of fraenulum. 
This fold or frmnulum, which, on one side, reaches to the ex- 
tremity of the uvula, and on the other to the free extremity of 
the soft palate, that is, to the point where the uvula is usually 
found, divides longitudinally in two portions, the cavity compre- 
bended between the anterior and posterior palatal arches. 
