316 Prof. Buckland’s Repl^ to Dr Flemmg's Remarks 
— and that many hundred other caves and fissures along the 
coast and islands of the Mediterranean, and the Adriatic, in 
Dalmatia, and in Germany, at various elevations from 2 to 2000 
feet above the level of the sea, were all so similarly affected by 
partial land-floods, that there is not a tittle of difference in the 
effects produced on each and every one of them by such nume- 
rous and independent inundations ? Or is he prepared to shew, 
bow a land-flood could cover the summit of the insulated rock 
>of Gibraltar, at the height of 1439 feet above the sea, without 
inundating at the same time at least nine-tenths of Europe, and 
to point out the source from whence the waters of such a land- 
flood could be derived ? Unless he is so, it is in vain to say a 
})artial land-flood may have risen a hundred feet at Plymouth, 
and have moved the bones, and carried the mud and pebbles 
into the caves at Oreston ; for this is but one of many hundred 
andogous cases of such bones imbedded in similar mud and 
pebbles that must be accounted for, and for which the only suf- 
ficient cause that has <iver been proposed, is an universal and 
transient deluge. 
Again, at page 3G1. Dr Fleming contends, that these bones 
found thus universally in fissures, and caverns connected with 
them, cannot have been drifted into Jtheir present position by the 
waters of a general flood, and there surrounded by them with 
mud ; because, in the solitary instance of the large cavern of 
Wokey Hole, there is a river now running through it, and de- 
positing mud and sand upon human bones or urns, or -any thing 
else that may now, or at any modern period of time, have been 
deposited. within -the level of its winter floods. Surely it is at 
least incumbent on him to shew that there is, or may have been, 
a river running through every cave, and every fissure in tlie 
world, in which bones and bony breccias are found imbedded in 
mud, before he can establish a conclusion like this. His pre- 
sent argument is stated thus : “ A subterranean river runs 
through the cave at Wokey, which may have deposited mud 
during its highest floods* But why may not the mud in the 
Kirkdale cave have been deposited by a similar agent ?” The 
answer is, because there is no river there to deposit it; and, be- 
it is impossible that now, or at any past period of time^ 
