390 
Freda M. Bachmann 
lobed or merely appears so because of the way the chromatin is arranged 
(Fig. 22 at b and Fig. 23 at d). I am quite convinced from my study 
of these cclls that although some figures strongly suggest the presence 
of two or more often three nuclei, a spermatium after all contains but 
one large nucleus and that any other globular bodies present are cyto- 
plasmic. 
As already noted, the trichogynes do not grow vertically upward 
to the surface of the thallus, but remain imbedded in it extending hori- 
zoutally or in the plane of the thallus. If we follow them in their course, 
the striking fact is at onee noted that they grow toward spermatia. In 
fact, spermatia are most easily found by tracing the long terminal cells 
of trichogynes which are growing toward them. A single trichogyne 
may of course run through several sections 25 microns thick. As one 
is nearing that section in which spermatia are present, frequently more 
and more parts of trichogynes are seen. The number of spermatia in any 
place eorresponds in general to the number of trichogynes which grow in 
that direction; wliere a large number of spermatia are in a group a corre- 
spondingly large number of trichogynes converge toward thatgroup (Fig. 54, 
PI. XXXV; Fig. 36, PI. XXXIII). Frequently the trichogynes from 
ascogones originating rather dose together grow toward different groups 
of spermatia. I have noted that the spermatia and the hyphae bearing 
them stain lightly even in preparations where all other parts are deeply 
stained. lt may be that this difference in staining capacity is due to a 
difference in the Chemical eomposition of these cells. That there is a strong 
attraction exerted by the spermatia upon the trichogynes is very evident 
from the length of the trichogynes and the direc-tness with which they 
grow toward the groups of spermatia. It may be that there is some 
substance secreted by the spermatia to which the trichogynes are posi- 
tively chemotropic. From the location of the spermatia and the carpo- 
gones, it will be seen that the sexual apparatus is completelv submerged 
in the tissues of the thallus. The protective layer of cells found in other 
lichens about each group of spermatia has disappeared. The trichogynes 
must seek out the spermatia because the submergence of the latter in the 
jelly of the thallus makes any great ehange in their position impossible. 
The end of the trichogyne is oval and becomes closely appressed 
to, and flattened against, the wall of the spermatium. In some cases 
(Fig. 37, PI. XXXIII), the tip of the trichogyne coils closely about halfway 
around the spermatium, and an opening later appears at the tip of the 
trichogyne and at the side of the spermatium. In other cases the tricho- 
gyne does not coil about the spermatium but becomes attaehed to the 
