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Freda M. Bachmann 
posurn which he studied. Carpogones are produced in abundance in the 
sterile tlialli, but they do not give rise to ascogenous hyphae. Instead, 
they anastomose with neighboring filaments and grow out into vegetative 
hyphae. This phenomenon Stahl thinks is to be explained by the fact 
that no spermatia are produced on these sterile tlialli. Here and there 
a rudimentary spermogonium is produced but develops no further than 
a tangle of hyphae in the margin of the thallus. It may be tliat such 
sterile thalli with oceasional rudimentary spermogonia are a connecting 
link between those producing many perfect spermogonia and the form 
which I have described as producing the spermatia embedded within the 
thallus. In forms in which spermatia are produced in superficial spermo- 
gonia they are exceedingly numerous, while in my material I have never 
found more than 15 in a duster. 
Aside from their position and the lack of a protective wall of vege- 
tative hyphae, the manner in which the spermatia are borne is much 
like that described by Tulasne for other Collemas. In C. pulposum 
Ach., according to Tulasne, the spermogonia are sunken in the thallus 
and contain many branched septate filaments, the spermatiophores, 
which bear the spermatia laterally and terminally. In C. eheileum Ach., 
the filaments are more branched and the spermogonia are not sunken 
in the thallus. In Tulasne’s figure the spermatia are borne at the sides 
and ends of the intercalary cells very much as I find them in my ma- 
terial. The figure of C. pulposum shows in some cases two spermatia 
arising from the same cell. The spermatia in this species are small oval 
cells sometimes constrieted in the center. In C. crispum Ach., Baur (3) 
found the spermatia to be small ovoidal cells with nucleus and cytoplasm 
which stain deeply. He does not give the size nor teil how they are borne. 
Stahl does not figure the spermogonia nor the spermatia of C. pulposum. 
I have found in C. pulposum little stainable material of any kind 
in a spermatium. In the rusts, Blackwan coneluded that the spermatia 
are male cells largely because of their minute size, small amount of cyto- 
plasm and, in proportion to the cytoplasm, their large amount of chromatin. 
The nucleo-cytoplasmic relation in the spermatia of C. pulposum agrees 
well with that of male cells generally, but there is not an unusually large 
amount of chromatin. However, in proportion to the size of the nucleus 
there is probably more chromatin in a spermatium nucleus than there is 
in the nulceus of any other cell in the fungus, either vegetative or re- 
productive. The cells might often be described as ovoidal, but they 
also very frequentlv show the distal end somewhat swollen. When the 
spermatium has become separated from the spermatiophore on which it 
