OF DENISON UNIVERSITY. 
17 
into still greater prominence the close relation, both faunal and litho- 
logical between the Waverly and the carboniferous. The general con- 
clusions formulated are as follows: ‘‘That all its rich fauna is of a 
decidedly carboniferous type ; second, that it includes a number of 
species characteristic of the lower carboniferous rocks of Kentucky, 
Tennessee, Illinois, Iowa, and Michigan ; third, that it furnishes at 
nearly all of its fossiliferous localities certain species which are also 
•common in the coal-measures above ; fourth, that our collections made 
include no Chemung or Portage species ; fifth, that it is continuous 
with the “vespertine” and “ umbral ” rocks of Pennsylvania. ” 
The subdivisions of the Waverly are as follows : 
The conglomerate (coal meas ) 
1. Cuyahoga shale i50-2:;o ft. 
2. Berea Grit Co ft. 
3. Bedford shale 75 ft. 
4. Cleveland shale 21-60 ft. 
Erie shale (Chemung.) 
It is to be noted here that what has since been called the Logan 
■sandstone, which makes up the bulk of the- exposed part of the forma- 
tion south of the middle of the state is here omitted (probably as be- 
ing identical with the Berea.) But doubtless nearly all the fossils, on 
which the judgment pronounced as to the carboniferous age of the 
series was founded, were actually derived from this part, i. e. our series 
III. The Cuyahoga or the upper part of it added to this habitus re- 
remarkably. The careful study of the Cuyahoga will, I think, surprise 
geologists. If not actually a part of the coal-measure series, it has 
curious premonitory sym[)toms. 
Prof. E. W. Claypole, who incidentally discusses this question in 
paper read in 1884, gives the following section of the Waverly : 
Conglomerate (coal meas.) 
1. Logan Group (of southern Ohio.) 
2. Cuyahoga shale. 
3. Berea shale. 
4. Berea Grit — Waverly sandstone. 
15. Bedford shale. 
6. Cleveland shale. 
This would be adapted to our own view by transposing Nos. i 
and 2, or by intercalating No. i somewhere in No. 2. 
