OF DENISON UNIVERSITY. 
27 
In our study all collections made before the discrimination of 
these various horizons were abandoned and the whole recollected, la- 
beling each fossil with its relative position with reference to the base 
line. The typical exposure of the county is that formed by the ero- 
sion of Raccoon creek, near what is known as the “ Dug-way,” be- 
tween Granville and Newark. It is supplemented by that one mile 
south of Newark and one mile north of the same place. Exposures 
six miles further east corroborate the observed sequence. The lower 
layers can be best studied at Moot’s run, four miles west of Granville. 
The most significant determinative fossils are Allorisma winchelli, 
of the shale below congl. II; Spirifer winchelli, of congl. II; Spirifer 
cuspidatus, of division II; Pal^oneilo attenuata, of shales below congl. 
I ; Leiopteria ortoni of the 40 ft. layer below ; Spirifer marionensis, 
of still lower horizons. The discussion of the stratigraphical relations 
of the various species is omitted and the reader is referred to the dis- 
tributional table at the close. 
Outside of Licking county considerable work has been done which 
is here only so far employed as to verify the observed relations. It is 
reserved for another occasion when a wider range of comparison may 
be admissible. 
LIST OF FOSSILS FROM LICKING COUNTY, OHIO. 
This list has been compiled under almost disheartening difficulties 
and is merely a preliminary contribution to the fauna of the group. 
Certain subkingdoms have not been studied at all and as the plates 
were engraved prior to the elaboration of some families typical forms 
have not always been figured. The collection of additional specimens 
may affect determinations here made, but it is not believed that further 
study will materially alter the relative value of the chronological evi- 
dence. I wish here to express obligations to Prof. Alexander Win- 
chell, the renowned geologist of Michigan, for iudispensible assistance. 
A small suite of specimens and part of the plates were placed in his 
hands, which he kindly examined and reported upon, thus preventing 
serious mistakes. However, it is but just to say that the nature of the 
material sent was such that, even where his views are quoted, it would 
be unfair to implicate him in the mistakes contained in this paper for 
which tne writer assumes full responsility, at the same time acknowl- 
edging himself indebted very largely for whatever value the paper 
