274 
J. 0. Wakelin Barratt and G. Arnold 
Fig. 15. Spermatocyte of the first Order undergoing necrosis, situated about 30 u 
from the basement membrane of a seminiferous tubule. The nucleus has lost its cha- 
racteristic outline, the nuclear membrane not being recognizable and the chromatin 
being distributed in masses presenting a mossy aspect. Ko nucleolus or intranuclear 
body is visible. The nucleus, as also the cytoplasm, is contracted, but can nevertheless 
be recognized to be that of a spermatocyte of the first order. The cytoplasm stains 
deeply by basic dyes, presenting a granulär appearance instead of the finely reticular 
eharacter usuallv observed. 
Fig. 16. Dividing spermatocyte of the first Order, undergoing necrosis, situated 
about 25 fi from the basement membrane of a seminiferous tubule. The cell has become 
diminished in size. A distorted spindle is recognizable, on the equatorial plane of which 
chromosomes altered in aspect are distributed. The cytoplasm presents a dense granulär 
appearance and stains deeply with basic dyes. 
Fig. 17. Degenerated spermatocyte of the first order situated about 15 /i from 
the basement membrane of a seminiferous tubule. This cell, diminished in size like 
that in the preceding Figure, can be identified by the remains of its spireme, which 
should be compared with that in Fig. 5. Ko nuclear membrane is present. The cyto- 
plasm is dense and granulär. 
Fig. 18. Spermatocyte of the first order in contact with the basement mem- 
brane of a seminiferous tubule. The nucleus contains three vacuoles, one of which, 
the smallest, is somewhat indistinctly seen. The nuclear chromatin, which is Condensed, 
is spread out over the vacuoles. The largest vacuole contains an intranuclear body, 
stained brown, the other two are empty. The cytoplasm, which is finely granulär, 
contains several large masses, staining with basic dyes, the nature of which is uncertain. 
Fig. 19. Dividing spermatocyte, situated within about 20 fi of the basement 
membrane of a seminiferous tubule. The cell which is of unusually large size exhibits 
irregulär and multipolar mitoses. One well defined spindle is seen, some of the fibres 
of which are directed upwards and towards the right, where another pole is indicated. 
Most of the chromosomes, which assume the form of rounded masses, are distributed 
upon the spindle fibres, but three groups and one single chromosome are not connected 
with these fibres. The cytoplasm is abundant and finely granulär. A cell of this type 
is the precursor of the multinucleated cell shown in the next Figure. 
Fig. 20. Large multinucleate cell, situated mid-way between the basement mem- 
brane and the lumen of a seminiferous tubule. In all two large and five small nuclei, 
embedded in the cytoplasm of the cell, are seen. The arrangement of the chromatin 
network of the nuclei should be compared with the appearance presented by normal 
nuclei in the various stages exhibited by the germinal cells. The cytoplasm of the 
cell mass is abundant, presents a coarse granulär structure and contains two archo- 
plasmic masses, together with a chromatoid body lying upon the larger nuclear mass. 
Ko vacuoles are seen. 
Fig. 21. Spermatocyte of the second order situated about 12 fi from the base- 
ment membrane of a seminiferous tubule. The cell which is of large size exhibits ami- 
tosis, the nucleus b?ing incompletely divided into two unequal parts by a deep cleft; 
indications of small clefts above and to the right are also recognizable. The arrange- 
ment of the chromatin of the nucleus resembles fairly closely that in spermatocytes 
of the second order (cp. Fig. 8). The cytoplasm is abundant and granulär; it 
contains an archoplasm and a chromatoid body, the latter being broken up into several 
fragments. 
