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THOMAS A. LEWIS 
instance guidance takes its cue as much from the way the indi- 
vidual gets along ^^on the job” as from the run of things in his 
study-life. There is an extreme swing of vocational guidance to 
the occupational end in the case where the psychological expert 
stands at the door of the business concern and by use of various 
kinds of tests attempts to find the right men for the different 
places, shutting out the others. 
There is more to vocational guidance, of course, than just 
what is being done by the psychologist in his diagnostic testing. 
In the opinion of the Commission on the Reorganization of 
Secondary Education, vocational guidance should be a continu- 
ous process designed to help the individual to choose, to plan his 
preparation for, to enter upon, and to make progress in an occu- 
pation.” That this task is many-sided and therefore calls for 
the cooperation of many minds is indicated by the nature of the 
program set by the committee for carrying it through. The 
program consists of eight steps, as follows: 
1. Survey of the world’s work. 
2. Studying and testing pupils’ possibilities. 
3. Guidance in choice and rechoice of vocation. 
4. Guidance with reference to preparation for vocation. 
5. Guidance in entering upon work; that is, placement.” 
6. Guidance in employment; that is, “employment super- 
vision.” 
7. Progressive modification of school practices. 
8. Progressive modification of economic conditions. 
' The outline, it will be seen, assigns sufficient work for teacher, 
school administrator, vocational counsellor, parent, psycholo- 
gist, and others. It is only to be noted that the psychologist 
is assigned a particular part, namely, “studying and testing 
pupils’ possibilities.” Not that he alone is assigned this topic, 
though there is evidence that his services here are going to 
increase in volume and reliability. 
The late Prof. Hugo Muensterberg, of Harvard University, 
was very optimistic about the future of vocational psychology. 
He thought that the problem of vocational guidance “had 
