GEOLOGY OF GILES COUNTY, VIRGINIA 
341 
8. Thin limestones, one to twelve inches in thickness, inter- 
bedded with thin blue shales. More than half is limestone, hard, 
dense, blue, fossiliferous and calcite veined. Talus consists of 
limestone almost entirely. The limestone layers thicken and thin 
and are sometimes bent so as to reverse the dip. Several small 
concretionary layers are present. The upper feet are more limey 
and thicker bedded. In the central portion Monticulipora sp. are 
common and toward the top there are several species of coral. 
In the lower portion many graptolites of the Diclymograptus and 
Monograptus types, Asaphus gigas, Rafinesquina alternistriata, 
Chaetetes sp., Lophospira sp., Bellerophon sp., and Oj^thoceras sp. 
are found. 224 feet. 
9. A series with more shale than limestone, in little beds, none 
of which are more than one inch in thickness. Only about forty 
feet of this horizon is exposed. Fossils found are Calymene sp., 
Raphistoma peracutum and a Monticulipora species. 
175 feet. 
10. Alternating shales and thin limestones much like layer 
number 12. There are no distinct layers and the divisions are 
marked by numerous small faults of less than 15 inches. 
123 feet. 
11. Contorted limestone beds with interbedded calcareous 
shales, and limestones. There are six layers, two near the bot- 
tom are two feet thick, then there are three layers, two to three 
feet thick, and a single three foot layer at the top. The fourth 
layer from the bottom has a conglomeratic phase near its top 
which was seen in both the railroad and wagon road cuts. Fossi- 
liferous. Calcite veined. The limestone is blue while the shales 
are brown and greenish grey. 85 feet. 
12. Calcareous shales, thin bedded, blue, greenish and brown, 
with many thin blue limestone layers full of fossils. The lime- 
stone weathers rapidly by solution leaving clay where the lime- 
stone layers were. Thus the limestones are usually indented in 
a weathered cut. Calcite veins are very abundant. 80 feet. 
13. A limestone layer, grey to olive green and jointed so as 
to give “V” shaped notches and the cuneiform pits, 1-6 inches 
wide and 1-20 inches long. Surface weathers smooth but sharp 
angled corners project. 2 feet. 
14. Calcareous shales containing a few layers of hard blue 
limestone. The limestone is very fossiliferous and in beds 
