344 
HUBBARD AND CRONEIS 
which is beyond question Middle Ordovician (Black River) 
In this case, the name Bays is a misnomer, as applied to these 
red sandstones of Giles County. In northwestern Virginia, the 
name Juniata has been applied to a similarly situated red sand- 
stone, whose age is beyond doubt lower Richmond. It would 
seem, then, that the name Juniata might be used here rather 
than Bays. 
The Bays Sandstone Subdivided 
N^arrows Section. (Wagon road) 
1. Medium bedded sandstone with thinner shales, green 
blotches becoming bands in places. Even bedded, several layers 
carrying broken fossils, red with iron. Base of formation marks 
the change in color from dark red to green. 20 feet. 
2. Thin bedded, purplish shaly sandstone, carrying several 
beds of broken shells. Trilobite fragments are common. A fer- 
ruginous layer. 9% feet. 
3. Lower nodular layer flattened, concretionary-like masses 
one to two inches thick and six to ten inches broad. These are 
not concretions, and do not take the iron rust on the curved clea- 
vage faces as do those of similar appearance in the upper nodular 
layer. The upper and lower parts are the richest in these 
masses and are the most shaly. The middle is more massive and 
sandy with conchoidal fracture and many green blotches. Fos- 
sils are in fragments in the upper portion. 5V2 feet. 
4. Cross bedded layers of dark red sandstone with thin in- 
terbedded shaly sandstone layers. All are cross bedded even to 
great wedge-shaped masses of many layers. Some ripple marks^ 
and much chlorite in the joint planes as well as some on the 
bedding planes. Quartz is also found deposited in veins. Slick- 
ensides along some bedding planes. 32 feet. 
5. Thin sandstone layers which are arenaceous, micaceous, 
and shaly. This division is dark red, thin bedded and crackled, 
and much shot with minute joints. When, it is freshly exposed, it 
resembles a single massive layer, but with weathering it crumbles 
into fragments. Top layer is a thin green shale. 2 feet. 
6. Upper nodular layer. Dark red sandstone, upper one and 
one-half feet massive, even grained and breaking with curved 
surfaces which scratch very easily. Middle two feet are nodular 
Stose, G. W. and Miser, H. D., “Manganese deposits of Western Vir- 
ginia,” pp. 29. 
