348 
HUBBARD AND CRONEIS 
bryozoans, brachiopods, pelecypods, trilobites and corals being 
recognizable but in many places the fossil remains are too frag- 
mentary to be identified. 
The Rockwood is extremely thin bedded in some localities but 
the average bedding is medium. Ocherous sands occur in places 
and several layers could be used for building purposes with ex- 
cellent results. One quartzitic layer with a conglomeratic phase 
is very similar in every respect to the Clinch. 
Many of the higher ridges are capped with Rockwood which 
is sometimes the source of the mountain iron ore. The ore, how- 
ever, is in this locality either of such low iron content or is so 
inaccessible that it promises no definite economic value for years 
to come. In the case of the Rockwood ore, it seems as if the 
upper layers in being eroded away have left their iron content 
to be leached down into the lower layers and thus they are 
always the richest ones. 
Paleontology and Correlation 
Fossils are usually quite numerous in the Rockwood, but in 
Giles County only a few were identified. The age of these fossils 
is Clinton. In some places in the state, rocks of Cayuga age 
have also been called Rockwood, but in Giles County, this forma- 
tion is entirely Clinton. 
The white quartzitic layer near the top is thought by Stose 
and Miser^® to be of the same age as the Keifer sandstone of 
Pennsylvania and Maryland. 
The Rockwood Formation Subdivided 
Narrows Section — Wagon Road 
1. Thin shales and argillaceous thin sandstones, in a variety 
of colors, such as blue, red, and green. Weathers to sandy mud. 
Much jointed and crumbly. Several red sandstone layers in the 
shales. At the base are found Camarotoechia neglecta in two 
zones about eight feet apart, very abundant but quite alone. 
About 75 feet above these fossil beds a rich fossil horizon occurs 
carrying Anoplotheca plicatula, A. hemispheriaw, A. plano-con- 
vexa, Chonetes cornutus, B^ocalymene clintoni, Buthotrephis 
gracilis, var. crassa and var. intermedia. About 114 feet above 
the base are found Bumastus barriensis, Qalymene hlumen- 
Stose, G. W. and Miser, H. D. “Manganese Deposits of Western Vir- 
ginia.” pp. 30. 
