IOWA ACADEMY OF SCIENCE 
137 
dug. Between camps, other latrines should be established at inter- 
vals of a few hundred feet, and portable privies may be used, which 
frequently should be cleaned out and disinfected. 
“Rules relating to the use of these conveniences, and absolutely 
prohibiting the discharge of human wastes elsewhere within the 
watershed should be enforced with great strictness and under 
penalty of dismissal. It will be necessary for the future needs 
of the section hands and others who will constantly be employed, 
and of the wreckers who may be brought in from time to time as 
one or another cause and occasion require, to establish privies at 
reasonable intervals; but for the last-mentioned a portable privy 
carried on the train, with water-tight box or tank, would be prefer- 
able. Absolute prohibition of bathing and laundry work in the 
river must be emphasized. 
“In order that the stretch between the intake and the power 
house shall receive the minimum possible amount of human wastes, 
it is recommended that, while trains are in the valley, all closets 
be kept locked and that no stops be made except in emergencies; 
and that no station or roundhouse be established between those 
points, even with the consent of the city of Seattle by ordinance, 
so long as the intake of the public water supply shall be below the 
present power house. Therefore we recommend the amendment of 
paragraph 2, of section 2 of the ordinance granting the right of 
way, by striking out the words, 'without the consent of the city of 
Seattle first having been granted by ordinance,' and, further, by 
making the prohibition a permanent restriction in the deed. 
“For the most complete safeguarding of the water, it is advised 
that, inasmuch as the soil between the location of the line and the 
river is frequently impermeable, and where made up of loose stone 
is devoid of the qualities necessary for slow filtration, the roadbed 
be trenched wherever necessary or advisable, the trenches being 
filled with gravel and sand, and that dikes be constructed alongside 
the trenches wherever necessary or advisable." 
Prof. Freeman makes this statement : 
“First having a guaranty of the safeguards which can readily 
be provided and which can surely be enforced, I am led to conclude 
that the city of Seattle may prudently grant the desired right of 
way and that it would be unreasonable to withhold it, because of 
the waste in construction and operation, that the best possible 
alternative railroad location involves, and for all of which waste 
the commercial interests of Seattle would ultimately have to help 
pay. 
