496 
David H. Dolley 
Introduciory statemeni regarding the significance of the size changes 
and the argument for their correlation with functional activity. 
Since the various shifts in the absolute size of cells and in the re- 
lative size of cell to nucleus are held to have a fundamental relation to 
the activity of the cell, whose nature is that of a trüe functional hyper- 
trophy, and since particularly in the primitive type of ceU under discus- 
sion the size changes are the most tangible phase of the functional 
reaction and are here most emphasized, it seems well by way of in- 
troduction to offer certain evidence that appears to eliminate any other 
assumption regarding them. The first question that woidd naturally 
arise would be the relationship of the size of the cells to the varying 
size of the animals used. Fortunately, in the supra-oesophageal ganghon 
there exists but a single pair of cells belonging to one t^e, presumably 
niotor as wiU be brought out later, and constant in their position. These 
afford a simple basis of comparison with the sizes of the animals. The 
data of the weight and dimensions of the animals together with the 
volumes and nucleus-plasma coefficients of the pah of ceUs belonging 
to each are set forth in Table I. 
The most casual survey of this table will suffice to show that there 
is something far beyond any mere proportionate relation just indicated. 
For example, the cells of a very young animal (Exper. 34), weighing 
only 2.6 grams, are nearly one half again as large as those of an animal 
weighing 29.8 grams (Exper. 38). Again the average size of these cells 
from Experiment 38 may be equal to or it may be less than the average 
size from normal animals which are less than one half its weight, as 
are Experiment 20 or Experiment 36. The size changes, therefore, must 
receive additional Interpretation. 
If this were not sufficient, a glance at any of the other tables will 
show that the relation between size of ceU and size of animal varies for 
every cell. It is to be distinctly stated, however, that the existence of 
such definite relation is not denied for the starting point, the resting 
ceU of any type. Between the wide extremes of size, cells are found 
scattered in a fairly uniform grading so that for example in Table IV 
up to a volume of 650,000 cubic micra, there is to be found at least one 
representative in every consecutive 25,000 units. 
Again, abnormal causes cannot be conceived to be in part a factor, 
since a sufficient number of animals, kiUed at different seasons and of 
all ages, has been used to control and hence to eliminate that. 
