528 
David H. Dolley 
purposes. The largest size of tlie cell body is associated with the maxhiium 
of loss of substance, and with this there is the Volumetrie decline of the 
iiucleus. This proves for the latter not only an absolute loss of sub- 
stance but a loss of power to elaborate new substance, a power so con- 
spieuous in the beginning of the process. The cell, from quantitative 
changes, has come to a qualitative deterioration of both nucleus and 
plasma. It is at this point in the Purkinje ceU, when it is unable to 
elaborate more chromatin, that the chromatin of the karyosome disinte- 
grates and is consunied. From the same progressive upset of the nucleus- 
plasma relation in favor of the plasma, the nucleus must be regai’ded 
in the case of the crayfish cell also as coming to absolute immediate ex- 
haustion first, while the balance of capacity is left on the side of the 
plasma. For the Purkinje cell, this has been abundantly borne out by 
the dechroniatinization of the nucleus and by the course of recuperation 
in which the nucleus lags behind both in size and renewal of its own pe- 
culiar chromatin. 
The nucleus-plasma relation in foetal and infantile ani- 
mal s. — Further corroboration of the data relatingto the nucleus-plasma 
norm was sought in the transition from the embryonic period to that of 
full functional aetivity. The more particular end sought was to determine 
whether such cells as the so uniformly enlarged central motor pah' in 
the supra-oesophageal ganglion (Table I) did not at least Start with the 
nucleus-plasma relation common to this and other types. For these 
cells have not been observed yet in a resting state, — in fact, on the con- 
trary, those nearest to it are comparativeiy highly active. Sufficient 
examples have been observed to show that finding them in an approxi- 
niately resting condition will be fortuitous and exceptional, and their devel- 
opment best affords their Connection to the Standard normal and finally 
proves theh- identity with others considered of the same type. This 
would seem to admit of logical explanation, for they must be taken as 
representatives of the cells that are most commonly involved in the 
oi’dinary activities of life and hence have undergone hypertrophy to 
keep pace with the physiological demand. While the indications that 
even they are not continuously under strain but have periods of rest 
and recovery will be taken up in the next section, the data points more 
decidedly to theh' more continuous aetivity. Cells in other locations 
which are more uniformly found considerably hypertrophied owe that 
in aU likelihood to the same reason, though as a matter of fact several 
identically located cells in the first abdominal ganglion of each of five 
aninials were proved to fluctuate just as the central motor type in Table I. 
