IOWA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES 
141 
This species has a wide range as it occurs from Nova Scotia to Brit- 
ish Columbia, south to Georgia, South Carolina, Alabama, Mississippi, 
Missouri and Arizona. 
It occurs in rich woods and thickets, the flowers opening in May and 
June or occasionally even in July while the ripened fruit may be found 
in July or early August. The type locality is given as: ^'Habitat in 
Virginia, Canada.” 
In Iowa the species is frequent or even common in favored localities. 
Specimens in the writer’s herbarium are from Winneshiek, Muscatine, 
Johnson, Jefferson, Appanoose, Decatur, Shelby and Emmet counties. 
The species has been observed growing in Allamakee, Clayton, Dubuque, 
Union and Des Moines counties. The State University herbarium has 
specimens from Henry, Lee, Story, Jones, Winnebago, Cerro Gordo and 
Pottawattamie counties. Professor Pink reported the species from Fay- 
ette county; Barnes, Reppert and Miller from Scott county; Gow from 
Adair county; and Peck from Hardin county. 
Bessey, C. E. Fourth Biennial Report of the Iowa State Agricultural Col- 
lege, p. 122, 1872. 
Arthur, J. C. Contributions to the Flora of Iowa, p. 32, 1876. 
Nagel, J. J. and Haupt, J. G. Proceedings of the Davenport Academy of 
Natural Sciences, Vol. 1, p. 164, 1876. 
Hitchcock, A. S. Transactions of the Academy of Science of St. Louis, Vol. 
5, p. 520, 1892. 
Pammel, L. H. Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Sciences, 1892, Vol. 
1, part 3, p. 60, 1893; Vol. 9, 1901, p. 174, 1902. 
Fink, Bruce. Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Sciences, 1896, Vol. 4. 
p. 103, 1897. 
Fitzpatrick, T. ,J. Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Sciences, 1897, Vol. 
5, p. 129, 1898. 
Fitzpatrick, T. J. and M. F. L. Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Sciences. 
1897, Vol. 5, p. 166, 1898; Vol. 6, 1898, p. 198, 1899. 
Barnes, W. D. ; Reppert, Fred ; and Miller, A. A. Proceedings of the Daven- 
port Academy of Sciences, Vol. 8, p. 261, 1900. 
Gow, James E. • Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Sciences, 1900, Vol. 8, 
p. 159, 1901. 
Cratty, R. I. Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Sciences, 1903, Vol. 11, 
p. 215, 1904. 
Mueller, H. A. Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Sciences, 1903, Vol. 11, 
p. 278, 1904. 
Peck, Morton E. Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Sciences, 1904, Vol. 12. 
p. 203, 1905. 
2. Vagnera stellata (L.) Morong. Star-flowered Solomon’s Seal. 
Convallaria stellata L. Sp. PI. 316. 1753. 
Sniilac'ina stellata D’esf. Ann. Mus. Paris, 9 : 52. 1807. 
Vagnera stellata Morong, Mem. Torr. Club, 5: 114. 1894. 
Rootstock horizontal, fleshy, with many rootlets; stem glabrous, 5 — 20 
inches high, leafy, sometimes slightly zigzag; leaves lanceolate or oblong- 
lanceolate, sessile or somewhat clasping, 2 — 5 inches long, 6 — 18 lines 
wide, acute, acuminate or even bluntish at the apex; raceme 1 — 2 inches 
long, sessile or short-peduncled; pedicels 1 — 4 lines long; flowers usually 
longer than the pedicels; perianth-segments oblong, obtuse; stamens 
included; style about as long as the ovary; berry 3 — 5 lines in diameter, 
black, or else green with six black stripes. 
