IOWA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES 
145 
Britton and Brown give the range of this species as: “Woods and 
thickets, New Brunswick to Ontario and Michigan, south to Florida and 
West Virginia.” The time of blooming is given as April — July. Doubt- 
less Iowa is outside of the range of a species, yet it has been reported 
a number of times. Professor Fink reports that he collected a single 
plant along a wooded hillside in Fayette county. Nagel and Haupt re- 
ported the species from Scott county; Gow from Adair county; and Peck 
from Hardin county. 
Arthur, J. C. Contributions to the Flora of Iowa, p. 32, 1876. 
Nagel, J. J. and Ilaupt, J. G. l*roceedings of the Davenport Academy of 
Natural Sciences, Vol. I, p. 164, 1876. 
Shimek, B. Bulletin from the Laboratories of Natural History of the State 
T'niversity of Iowa, Vol. 3. No. 4, p. 212, February, 1896. 
Fink, Bruce. Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Sciences, 1896, Vol. 4, p. 
103, 1897. 
Gow', James E. Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Sciences, 1900, Vol. 8, 
p. 159, 1901. 
Mueller, II. A. Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Sciences, 1903, Vol. 11, 
p. 278, 1904. 
Peck, IMorton E. Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Sciences, 1904, Vol. 
12. p. ‘204, 1905. 
5. TRILLIUM L. Sp. PI. 339. 1753. 
Perennial herbs, with erect glabrous simple stems, the three leaves 
whorled at the summit, and solitary sessile or peduncled bractless flow- 
ers. Sepals 3, green, persistent. Petals 3, white, green, pink, or purple, 
withering or deciduous. Stamens 6. hypogynous; filaments short; anthers 
linear, mostly introrse. Ovarj- sessile, 3 — 6-angled or lobed, 3-celled; 
ovules usually many in each cell; styles 3, stigmatic along the inner 
side; berrj’ ovoid or globose, many-seeded. 
Flowers sessile. 
Leaves petioled ; sepals reflexed. 1. T. recurvaium. 
Leaves sessile ; sepals not reflexed. 2. T. sessile. 
Flowers peduncled. 
Leaves ovate to broadly oval, obtuse, I — 2 inches long. 3. T. nivale. 
Leaves broadly ovate, acuminate, 2 — 7 inches long. 
Petals obovate or oblanceolate. 4. T. graiKlifiornm. 
Petals ovate or lanceolate. 
Peduncle about 2 or 3 inches long, erect or declined ; petals spread- 
ing. 5. 2’. ercctiirn. 
I’eduncle about one inch long or less, recurved-; petals recurved. 6. 
T. cernuum. 
1. Trillium becurvatum Beck, Am. Journ. Science, 11: 178. 1826. 
Prairie Wake-robin. 
Stem solitary, 6 — 18 inches high, from an oblong thickened rootstock; 
leaves oval, oblong or ovate, acute, 2 — 4 inches long, sometimes blotched, 
narrowed into petioles which are one inch or less in length; flowers ses- 
sile, erect; sepals lanceolate, acuminate, one-half to more than one inch 
in length, reflexed between the petioles; petals oblong-ovate or spatulate, 
nearly erect, dark purple, clawed, acute or acuminate, equaling or exceed- 
ing the sepals; anthers nearly or quite one-half inch in length, much 
longer than the filaments, connective longer than the sacs; berry ovoid, 
less than one inch in length, 6-winged above. 
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