146 
IOWA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES 
This species ranges from Ohio to Minnesota, south to Mississippi and 
Arkansas. Its habitat is rich woods and thickets. The flowers appear 
as early as April and remain as late as June and fruiting specimens may 
be found even in July. Type locality; “Hab. Shady banks of streams, 
St. Douis. May.” 
Iowa specimens at hand are from Johnson, Muscatine, Jefferson and 
Van Buren counties. The writer has seen specimens collected in Scott 
and Des Moines counties. The State University herbarium has specimens 
from Johnson, Henry and Louisa counties. The species in Iowa seems to 
be restricted to the southeast quarter of the state and is generally infre- 
quent. In some restricted localities in Jefferson county the species is 
quite common. 
Flores. Town Farmei’ and lloriicultnrist. Yol. 1. Ko. 2, p. 30. .Tune, 1853. 
Bcssey, C. E. Fourth Eienuial Report of the State Agricultural (’’ollege, p. 
122, 1872. 
Arthur. J. C. Contribul ions to the Flora of Iowa, p. 32, 1870. 
Nagel. .7. .7. and llaupt, ,7. (J. Proceedings of the Ftavenport Academy of 
Natur.nl Sciences. Vol. 1, j). 7(14. 1870. 
llaupt, .7. (7. Proceedings of the Davenport Academy of Natural Sciences, 
Vol. 2, p. 135, 7 877. 
Shimek. R. P.ulletin from the T.aboratoiles of Natural History of the State 
University of Iowa. Vol. 3. No. 4, p. 212, l^'ebruary, 7 800. 
Fitzpatrick, T. J. and 51. F. 7j. l‘roceedings of the Iowa Academy of Sciences, 
7 807, ATI. 5, p. 7 00, 7 808. 
Barnes. AA". D. ; Reppert. l"red : and Aliller, A. A. I’roceedings of the Daven- 
port Academy of Sciences, ATI. 8, p. 202, 7 000. 
2. Tkiilium SESSILE L. Sp. PI. 340. 1753. Sessile-flowered Wake- 
robin. 
This species is readily distinguished from Trillium recurvatum Beck, 
by having sessile leaves and the sepals net being reflexed. The habitat is 
moist woods and thickets and the flowers come in April and May. The 
range is given as from Pennsylvania to Ohio and Minnesota, south to 
Florida, Alabama, Mississippi and Arkansas, thus placing Iowa in the 
probable range of the species. Professor Bessey reported the species 
from Burlington, Des Moines county, in 1872, but the find appears not 
to have been confirmed since. The type locality is: '"HaMtat in Vir- 
ginia, Carolina.” 
7’arry, (’’. ('. Oeveu's Report of the (leological Survey of AAflsconsin, Iowa and 
Alinnesota. p. 019. 1852. 
Ignores. Iowa Farmer and Horticulturist. ATI. 7, No. 2, p. 30, ,7une. 1853. 
Bessey. U. E. Fourth Biennial Report of the Iowa State Agricultural Col- 
lege, p. 122. 1872. 
Arthur. ,7. C. Contributions to the Flora of Iowa, p. 32, 7 870. 
3. Trillium xivale Riddell, Syn. FI. AV. States, 93. 1835. Early 
Wake-robin. 
Stem 2 — 6 inches high, from a short thick rootstock; leaves ovate to 
broadly oval, 1 — 2 inches long, apex obtuse, base narrow or rounded, 
petioles 2 — 6 lines long; flowers erect, bent, or recurved beneath the 
leaves, peduncles one inch or less in length; sepals narrow^" oblong or 
oblong-lanceolate, obtuse, 6 — 12 lines long; petals white, oval or oblong, 
