149 
IOWA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES 
(;. Timuju.m CEKNUITM L. Sp. PI. 339.^ 1753. Nodding Wake-robin. 
Stem 8 — 20 inches; leaves rhombic-ovate, apex acuminate, base nar- 
rowed, sessile or nearly so; peduncle one-half to slightly more than an 
inch in length, recurved beneath the leaves; the flpwer drooping; sepals 
lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, 6 — 12 lines long; petals white 
or pink, ovate-lanceolate to oblong-lanceolate, recurved, wavy-margined, 
equaling or exceeding the sepals; filaments and anthers of about equal 
length; style stout, recurved; berry ovoid, red-purple, pendulous, 8 — 10 
lines long. 
The ra.nge of this species is given as from Nova Scotia to Ontario 
and Minnesota, south to Georgia, Alabama and Missouri. This places 
Iowa within the range. The flowers appear in April, May or June, and 
the habitat is rich woods. There is a striking resemblance between this 
species and Trillium erectum L., in fact the differences in many cases as 
shown by specimens being very slight. The type locality is: '"HaMtat 
in Carolina.” 
The only Iowa specimen in the writer's herbarium is from Winneshiek 
county. Professor Fink reported the species as infrequent in low woods 
in Fayette county, which locality is also given by Professor Bessey, and 
Professor Hitchcock credits the species to Story county. 
Bessey^ C. E. Fourth Biennial Report of the Iowa State Agricultural Col- 
lege, p. 122, 1872. 
Arthur^ J. C. Contributions to the Flora of Iowa, p. 32, 1876. 
Hitchcock, A. S. Transactions of the Academy of Science of St. Louis, I'ol. 
5, p. 520, 1892. 
Fink, Bruce. Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Sciences, 1896, Voi. 4, 
p. 103, 1897. 
,5. SMILACEAE Vent. Tabl. 2: 146. 1799. 
Smilax Family. 
A family of plants consisting mostly of vines having woody or her- 
baceous, often prickly stems, alternate, nerved, netted-veined, petioled, 
punctate or lineolate leaves, and small, usually greenish flowers disposed 
in axillary umbels. Perianth-segments 6. Stamens usually 6, distinct; 
filaments ligulate; anthers basi-fixed, 2-ceIled, introrse. Ovary 3-celled; 
ovules 1 or 2 in each cell; style short or none; stigmas 1 — 3. Fruit a 
globose berry with 1 — 6 seeds. Represented in our flora by the genus 
Smilax. 
1. SMILAX L. Sp. PI. 1028. 1753. 
Plants usually with large tuberous rootstocks, twining stems which 
climb by means of tendril-like appendages which are spirally coiling 
and are borne from the base of the sheathing persistent petiole after the 
manner of stipules. The lower leaves are mere scales, the upper are 
entire or lobed, deciduous. Flowers regular, in ours dioecious. Pedicels 
from a pitted globose or conic receptacle, usually among minute bract- 
lets. Ovary wanting in the staminate flowers. Pistillate flowers usually 
smaller and with 1 — 6 abortive stamens. Berries black or purple in our 
species and ripening during the first year. 
Stem annual, herbaceous, unarmed. 
Petioles with tendrils ; stems climbing. 1. >8. herhacea. 
Petioles without tendrils ; stems erect. 2. <8. ecirriiata. 
