BATS,— SEALS. 
34 i 
sunshine ; and hence, when she receives from man the aid which 
is due to her as a domesticated animal, she demands not dirt 
all the year through, nor any day at all, but shade in summer, 
shelter in winter, and a clean, dry bed in every season. 
Cheiroptera. 
Mr, Bates says of bats : 4 The fact of their sucking the 
blood of persons sleeping is now well established ; but it 
is only a few persons who are subject to this bloodletting. 
. . . I am inclined to think many different kinds of 
bats have this propensity’ (‘Nat. on Amaz.,’ p. 91). 
The particular species of bat, however, which has been 
most universally accredited with this habit, viz., the vam- 
pire, is perfectly harmless. 
Mr. Gr. Clark (‘ A Brief Notice of the Fauna of 
Mauritius ’) gives an account of the intelligence dis- 
played by a tame bat ( Pteropus vulgaris ). As soon as its 
master came into the room, it welcomed him with cries ; 
ard if not at once taken up to be petted, it climbed up 
his dress, rubbed its head against him, and licked his hands. 
If Mr. Clark took anything in his hand, the bat would care- 
fully examine it by sight and smell, and when he sat down 
the bat would hang upon the back of his chair, following 
all his movements with its eyes. 
Carnivora . 
I shall here run together a few facts relating to the 
intelligence of carnivorous animals other than those to be 
considered in subsequent chapters. 
Seals .— In their wild state these animals have not 
much opportunity for the display of intelligence ; but 
when tamed it is seen that the latter is considerable. 
They are then affectionate animals, liking to be petted, 
and showing attachment to their homes. The most 
remarkable species of the order from a psychological point 
of view are the so-called Pinnipeds, whose habits during 
the breeding season are so peculiar that I think it is 
worth while to quote the best account that has hitherto 
