396 
ANIMAL INTELLIGENCE. 
fall,’ he says, 6 at any time, though on plain ground, they 
either die immediately, or languish till they die ; theii 
great weight occasioning them so much hurt by the fall .’ 1 
And Sir E. Tennent observes that, — 
In the process of taming, the presence of the tame ones can 
generally he dispensed with after two months, and the captive 
may then be ridden by the driver alone ; and after three or four 
months he may be entrusted with labour, so far as regards docility; 
but it is undesirable, and even involves the risk of life, to work 
an elephant too soon ; it has frequently happened that a valu- 
able animal has lain down and died the first time it was tried in 
harness, from what the natives believed to be ‘ broken heart/ 
certainly without any cause inferable from injury or previous 
disease . 2 
Nor is this tendency to die under the influence of 
mere emotion restricted to the effect of a 6 broken heart ; ’ 
it seems also to occur under the power of strong emo- 
tional disturbances of other kinds. For instance, an 
elephant caught and trained by Mr. Cripps is thus alluded 
to by Sir E. Tennent : — 
This was the largest elephant that had been tamed in Ceylon ; 
he measured upwards of nine feet at the shoulders, and belonged 
to the caste so highly prized for the temples. He was gentle 
after his first capture, but his removal from the corral to the 
stables, though only a distance of six miles, was a matter of the 
extremes t difficulty ; his extraordinary strength rendering him 
more than a match for the attendant decoys. He on one occasion 
escaped, but was recaptured in the forest; and he afterwards 
became so docile as to perform a variety of tricks. He was 
at length ordered to be removed to Colombo ; but such was his 
terror on approaching the fort, that on coaxing him to enter the 
gate he became paralysed in the extraordinary way elsewhere 
alluded to, and died on the spot . 
General Intelligence . 
The higher mental faculties of the elephant are more 
advanced in their development than in any other animal, 
except the dog and monkey. I shall, therefore, devote 
1 Phil. Trans. , A.D, 1701, vol. xxiii., p. 1052. 
2 Log. cit.f p. 216. 
