472 
ANIMAL INTELLIGENCE, 
Mr. Darwin writes : — 
Rengger observed an American monkey (a Cebus) carefully 
driving away the flies which plagued her infant ; and Duvancel 
saw a Hylobates washing the faces of her young ones in a 
stream. So intense is the grief of female monkeys for the loss 
of their young, that it invariably caused the death of certain 
kinds kept under confinement by Brehm in North Africa. 
Orphan monkeys were always adopted and carefully guarded 
by the other monkeys, both male and female . 1 
Again, Jobson says that whenever his party shot an 
orang-outang from their boat, the body was carried off 
by others before the men could reach the shore. 
So, again, James Forbes, F.R.S., in his ; Oriental 
Memoirs, 5 narrates the following remarkable instance 
of the display of solicitude and care for a dead companion 
exhibited by a monkey : — 
One of a shooting-party under a banian tree killed a female 
monkey, and carried it to his tent, which was soon surrounded 
by forty or fifty of the tribe, who made a great noise and seemed 
disposed to attack their aggressor. They retreated when he 
presented his fowling-piece, the dreadful effect of which they 
had witnessed and appeared perfectly to understand. The head 
of the troop, however, stood his ground, chattering furiously ; 
the sportsman, who perhaps felt some little degree of compunc- 
tion for having killed one of the family, did not like to fire at 
the creature, and nothing short of firing would suffice to drive 
him off. At length he came to ihe door of the tent, and, find- 
ing threats of no avail, began a lamentable moaning, and by the 
most expressive gesture seemed to beg for the dead body. Lt 
was given him ; he took it sorrowfully in his arms and bore it 
away to his expecting companions. They who were witnesses 
of this extraordinary scene resolved never again to fire at one 
of the monkey race. 
Of course it is not to be supposed from this instance 
that all, or even most monkeys display any care for their 
dead. A writer in 6 Nature 5 (vol. ix. p. 243), for instance, 
says expressly that such is not the case with Gibbons 
{Hylobates agilis ), which he has observed to be highly 
sympathetic to injured companions, but 6 take no notice 
whatever 9 of dead ones, 
1 Descent of Man, p. 7G S 
