132 
Charles E. Allen 
The kinoplasmic bodies, whatever their form, are black in liaema- 
toxylin preparations ; but their affinity for the stain is usually somewhat 
less than that of the chromatin or the nucleole, so that by suitable washing 
with iron almn they may be made to appear much lighter than the nuclear 
substances. This is particularly true after fixation in the sublimate-acetic- 
formalin solution, when the kinoplasm is commonly not so conspicuous 
as it is after chrom-osmic-acetic fixation. But by careful staining of 
material fixed in either way, the presence of the structures in question 
can always be demonstrated. 
In triple-stained preparations, the kinoplasm is violet or blue, but, 
beeause of the relatively dense stain of the rest of the cytoplasm, it does 
not stand out so sharply as in sections stained with haematoxylin, in 
which the cytoplasm, aside from its kinoplasmic constituents, is almost 
colorless. The haematoxylin stain is consequently more favorable for 
the study of the kinoplasm, although the triple combinations are useful 
for comparison. 
The affinity of the kinoplasm for the violet or blue is not so marked 
as is that of the chromatin of the resting nucleus for the same stain. At 
the equatorial plate stage, a vet greater difference in staining quality 
appears, in that the kinoplasm is still blue or violet, while the chromatin, 
as usual at this stage, absorbs the safranin most readily. The visibly 
undifferentiated cytoplasm is in general most dense, often conspicuously 
so, in the immediate neighborhood of the kinoplasmic structures (see, 
e. g., Figs. 1 — 15, PI. VI), being distinguished from the latter by its affin- 
ity for orange G. 
In each androgone of the earlier generations, before there is any 
indication of a preparation for mitosis (Figs. 1 — 3), the kinoplasm usually 
appears in the form of a single plate or membrane, variable in thickness 
and very irregulär in outline. This structure and its derivatives will be 
referred to for convenience as polar plates, although by this designation 
no relationship is implied to the “pole plates” (R. Hertwig, 1884) of 
protozoan cells. Excepting in the primary androgones, this polar plate 
is one which occupied the corresponding pole of the spindle of the last 
preceding division (compare Figs. 57 and 58, PI. VII, and Fig. 62, 
PI. VIII, with Figs. 1 — 3, PI. VI). The plate in the newly-formed cell 
(Fig. 1) is approximatelv flat, lying at right angles to the long axis 
of the former spindle, and close to, or sometimes apparently in contact 
with, the nuclear membrane. 
As the cell grows, the plate becomes bent or curved about the nucleus 
(Figs. 2, 3), but usually at a little distance from it. Cells in this condition 
