Cell Structure, Growth and Division in tlie Antheridia of Polytrichum etc. 165 
account of the behavior of certain rod-shaped bodies (the “Archoplasma- 
schleifen” of Hermann, 1891, 1897) which appear in the spermatocytes 
of Limax, Helix and Paludina. These bodies, according to Platner, 
arise in the primary spermatocytes from a transformation of the “Neben- 
kern”, split longitudinaUy and divide into two groups, which, radially 
aiTanged aronnd the central bodies, accompany the latter in their migra- 
tion to the poles of the future spindle. This history is repeated by each 
group of daughter bodies in the division of the secondary spermatocytes. 
Several recent investigators have observed cytoplasmic structures 
in plant cells which, together with various bodies described under other 
names by previous writers, they propose to homologize, according to the 
leanings of the respective authors, either with the chondriosomes or with 
the chromidia. Among the earlier accounts which have been thus cited 
are Zimmermann’s (1890) of “Granula” in cells of Tradescantia and other 
plants; one by the same author (1893) of “nematoblasts” in hair cells 
of Momordica and meristematic cells of Vicia; Crato’s (1892) description 
of “physodes” in the cells of Chaetopteris ; one given by Mikosch (1894) 
of rows of granules seen in some epidermal and parenehymatous cells; 
accounts by W. T. Swingle (1898) and Lagerheim (1899) of “vibrioids” 
in certain fungi and red algae; and that by M. and P. Bouin (1899) of 
“ergastoplasm” in various embryo-sac mother cells. Meves (1904) finds 
dark-staining, more or less granulär “chondromites” in the tapetal cells 
of the anthers of Nymphaea. Beer (1906J) classes with those observed by 
Meves certain bodies which he, as well as Gates (1907), sees in the tapetal 
cells of Oenothera ; however, a comparison of the figures of Meves and 
Beer indicates that the structures seen by the two authors are reallv 
quite dissimilar. Beer thinks that those which he finds are derived 
from degenerating nuclei. Doubtless of the same sort as those described 
by Beer are bodies found by Tahara (1910) in the tapetum of Morus 
and by Tischler (1906) in the tapetum of Ribes, Lilium and Iris. The 
latter author considers these to be “chromidia”, as well as somewhat 
similar structures observed by him in the giant cells of Heterodera galls, 
and others figured by Schniewind-Thies (1897) in the secreting cells 
of certain nectaries. Guilliermond (1907) proposes to homologize the 
“central body” of the cyanophyceae with the chromidial apparatus of 
various protozoa. “Chondromites” or “chondriosomes” are described 
by von Smirnow (1906) in the root of Hyacinthus and the embryo of 
Pisum, and by Duesberg and Hoven (1910) in embrvos of Pisum, Pha- 
seolus and Allium, and in tissue cells of Tradescantia. Wilson (1911) 
describes dark-staining, rod-shaped structures which he thinks are of 
