194 
FORMATION OF A SOCIETY OF BIBLIOPttILISTS. 
Remarks. — l. Fig*, l, 2, and 3, are drawn 
on a drawing-board, in such positions that 
the lines marked aft, the one in the elevation 
and the other in the perspective view, are 
parallel to the line a ft, which represents the 
picture-sheet in the ground plan ; and these 
lines are drawn with the square applied to the 
edge of the drawing-board in the ordinary 
way ; so in every instance where it is wanted 
to draw a line perpendicular to the line aft, in 
the perspective view, the thing is done at 
once by means of the drawing-square. And 
when the height at which any point stands 
above the line a ft, in the elevation, is wanted 
to be set up on the line drawn perpendicular 
to a ft in fig. 2, from the position of the point 
in the ground plan, you have only to apply 
the drawing-square to the place of the point 
in the elevation, and draw a line across the 
drawing-board, and this line will cut the per- 
pendicular line at the proper height above a 6 
in fig. 2, Now, it will be evident how the 
ground plan and elevation should be placed, 
in order to draw the perspective view easily. 
2. Points, lines, and surfaces, in contact 
with the transparent plan, must be in the 
same position with respect to each other, and 
must have the same shape and dimensions in 
the perspective view that they have in the 
ground plan and the elevation, as the lines 
drawn to the eye representing the rays of 
light, do not converge till after they cut the 
transparent plane. This is the reason why 
the position of the point of contact of a line 
commencing at the picture-sheet is found in 
the perspective view, in the point where a 
horizontal line drawn from the place of the 
point in the elevation meets a line let fall 
from the place of the point in the ground plan. 
perpendicular to the line aft in the perspective 
view. 
3. The line aft, in fig. 2, shows the inter- 
section of the transparent plane with the 
horizontal surface on which the objects stand. 
If the objects do not stand on a horizontal 
surface, the line aft, in fig. 3, represents a hori- 
zontal surface drawn through the lowest point 
in the object ; and a ft, in fig. 2, shows the 
intersection of this horizontal surface with 
the picture-sheet. The lines marked a ft, in- 
the perspective view and in the elevation, need 
not be drawn when the position of the elevation 
is such, that the height of any point in an 
object can be set up on the line drawn per- 
pendicular to a ft, in the perspective view, from 
the place of point in the ground plan, by 
means of the drawing-square. But they (the 
lines marked a ft, in figs. 2 and 3,) are of 
great use when the elevation cannot be got iu 
a proper position, or when the elevation is 
drawn on a separate sheet from the perspective 
view. 
4. As c, in the elevation, marks the position 
of the point i, as well as the point of sight, 
draw a line parallel to a ft, through c, in fig. 3, 
till it cuts a line, let fall from the point i, in 
the ground plan, perpendicular to a ft, in fig. 
2, the point c, in the perspective view where 
these lines meet, is the position of the point 
i. The point c, in fig. 2, is also the position 
of the point of sight, for a point must be 
placed above, or below, or to one side of 
the point of sight, before the lines drawn to 
the eye which represent the rays of light from 
the point, and which mark its position on the 
picture-sheet, can converge or diverge betwixt 
the point and the transparent plane. 
('To he Continued.) 
MISCELLANEOUS LITERARY NOTICES. 
BELGIUM. 
A Society of Bibliophilists has been formed 
at Mons, who purpose publishing unedited 
literary and historical documents, and to re- 
print treatises which have become extremely 
rare ; always preferring in both cases what is 
especially interesting to Mons or Hainault. 
The number of members is limited to twenty- 
five. The first number of its publication, 
which has just appeared, consists entirely of 
a MS. of 1681, hitherto unedited, treating of 
the government of Hainault subsequently to 
the death of the Archduke Albert, on the 
23d of July, 1621. 
It is now decided that Belgium is to have 
(or rather it already has) four Universities, 
two of which only are supported by the 
government, namely, those of Ghent and 
Liege. The ancient University of Lonvain 
is suppressed; but the magistrates of that 
city have made an arrangement with the 
archbishop of Malimes and the other prelates 
of Belgium, for establishing at Louvain the 
new Catholic University, lately founded with 
the sanction of the Pope. The fourth is the 
free University of Brussels founded by private 
individuals. 
FRANCE. 
Some years ago a bookseller at Orleans 
bought, at the sale of a private library, a 
valuable copy of the edition of Cicero, pub- 
lished in 1555, by Ch. Stephens. The 
margins are enriched with above 4000 cor- 
rections, written by H. Stephens and another 
learned man, who is distinguished merely by 
the name of John, perhaps J. Scapula. This 
book seems to be intended as the basis of a 
new edition, probably that which H. Stephens 
mentions in his Castigationes inquemplurimos 
locos CiceroniSf^^ which never appeared. We 
hear that the bookseller, who gave twenty 
francs for it, will not sell it under 1800 
francs. 
The antiquarian and historical publications of 
France are proceeding with great spirit. The 
fifst volume is just published of M. Michel’s 
