SYNOPSIS OF THE RHIZOPHORE^, 
441 
know of any such absolutely analogous form 
of anther ; but analogous examples of de- 
hiscence occur frequently in fruits, forming 
that variety knownby the name of dehiscentiu 
loculicida. A similar position of the valves 
might result from a twisting of the filament; 
but this does not appear to take place in the 
present instance. The development of the 
pollen will necessarily present some peculiar- 
ities, but the great paucity of materials has 
prevented me from following it up. 
The mature cotyledons in Rhi 2 ophora, 
Kandelia, and Bruguieia decandra are con- 
solidated, and foim a mass which, towards the 
base (where it IS articulated with the collet), 
is cylindrical and hollow, towards ilie apex 
fleshy and coriaceous ; the upper half of this 
part leing generally somewhat constricted, 
and surrounded by fungous ti-'^sue. I'his tis- 
sue appears to oiiginate in the coats of the 
ovulum, which at some period become de- 
tached and pushed towards the bottom of the 
pericarpial cavity. In these the plumulais 
lodged in the hollow of the cylinder. Cor- 
responding with this structure, the ovarium is 
only f or § iofeiior, the upper part of the cori- 
aceous capsule being, as it were, exserted^. 
In Bruguieia pai viflora (W ightaud Arrioli), 
and probably in all the genuine species ot 
this genus, the cotyledons are distinct, fleshy, 
and plano-convex ; tliey are not articulated 
with the collet. They are besides enclosed in 
their original integuments, these being only 
open at tire point of exit of tlm radicle. In 
these two, the capsule is almost wliolly in- 
ferior, and entirely enclosed within the calyx. 
The plumulain B. pai viflora is lodged be- 
tween the cotyledon.'^, and surrounded with a 
transparent mucilaginous fluid. 
The mature radicles cou?ist of a central and 
peripherical system, the tissues of which, al- 
thougli continuous, present an ohviou.s line of 
demarcation. Tlie cliief bulk is cellular, the 
cells abounding in amylaceous matter. Tlie 
propoitionof woody fi tire varies extremely; 
in Uhizophora Candelaria and macrorrinza, it 
occurs throughout the central system, ami is 
excessively fine ; in Bruguieia decandra the 
proportion of fibre is exceedingly small, and 
confined to the circumference of the central 
system ; in Kandelia this tissue is veiy dense, 
and exists only towards the apex of the same 
system, and has no communication with tlie 
collet. The proportion of vessels is in the 
roots of some species exceedingly small, in 
others they appear to be altogether wanting. 
1 may add, that the central system subsequent- 
ly becomes the wood ; the central cells, at 
least in Bruguiera parviflora, remaining un- 
occupied, and forming the medulla. 
With respect to the exsertion or lifting up 
of the axis (soulevement), I may remark, that 
to all appearance it occurs in the genus Rhi- 
• Both Jacquin and Gaertner have mistaken 
the structure of the fruit of Rhizophora. The 
consolidated cotyledons form the “ crus” of 
Jacquin, and the displaced integuments are the 
‘‘ albumen” of Gaertner, and the “ calyptra” 
of Jacquin. According to this author the seed 
is limited to the radicle and plumula, while 
the cotyledons of Gaertner are the outer por- 
tions of the plumula. 
zophora, and is carried to its greatest extent, 
perhaps, in R. macrorrhiza It is not difficult 
to conceive this effect, when we take into 
consideration the number of roots that descend 
tiom the branches to the ground. These 
must, during their growth, meet with consider- 
able resistance at both extremities* The aich- 
ed lorm which they invariably assume, after 
penetration into the earth (the convexity 
looking Upwards), is a necessary con.sequence 
of that resistance. 
The Linnean Genus Rhizophora appears 
to contain the types of three genera. The 
celebrated De Candolle, however, keeps it 
entire. 1 may remark, that in an order the 
genuine con.stituents of which have, with one 
exception, definite stamina, their constant 
iiidefinity in that instance, may, 1 should 
imagine, f e relied on as a valid character , 
Kandelia seems theiefore, and on account 
of tlie structuie of the petals, a good genus : 
and IS adopted by Messrs. Wight and 
Arnott in their valuable Prodromus Floras 
Peninsulae Indise Orienialis. Bruguiera 
is not quite so satisfactory ; since B. de- 
candra, fvoxburgh’s Rhizophora decandra, 
the figure of which in his collection of colour- 
ed drawings belonging to the Honorable 
Company’s Botanic Garden at Calcutta is 
excellent, has the flower of Bruguiera and the 
fruit of Rhizophora. 
I shall conclude with a synopsis of the Rhi- 
zophoreae which I have met with on the coasts 
of the renasserim Provinces, between the 
parallels of 16^. 3o’ and 12?, north latitude. 
RnizoPHonE®, R. Brown Gen. Re" 
marks in Appendix to Flinders’s Voyage, vol. 
2. p. 549. 
1. Rhizophora Linn, (ex parte). Dec. Prodr. 
vol. 3, p. 3l, (ex parte). Wight and Arnott, 
Prodr. Florae Penins. Indise Orientalis, vol. 
1. p.310. 
1 may here remark, that if the peculia’’ 
stiucture of the anthers he confined totlii* 
genus, it will piove a valuable addition to the 
generic character,— It appears to me, that two 
very distinct species have been confounded 
under R. Candelaria ; these I propose to 
characteiise as follows : 
1. Candelaria (Dec.) foliis ovalibus mu- 
cronato-euspidatis, pedunculis petiolo brevioii- 
bus saepius 2 floris, flotibus 9 — 12 atidris, fiuc- 
tibus subulaio-clavatis iiutantibus, Dec. loc. 
cit. p. 32. Wight and Arnott, loc. cit. p. 
310. Pee Candel Rheed, Mai. vol. 6. p. 61, 
t. 34. Mangium Candelarium, Rumph. Amb. 
vol. 3. p. 108, t. 71, 72. 
Hab. add littora limosa maris et sestuario- 
rura orae Tenasserim, ubique Floret Anrili. 
Maio. 
Arbuscula corona lata feie hemisphaeric^. 
Floies albi. Petala angusta, sublaevia, per 
aestivationem stamina non amplectentia. 
Stami ria .saepissiniC 12, quorum 2 sepalo cui- 
que, 1 petalo cuique opposita. Radicula 
(exserta) 1-, l§-pedalis. 
2. R. macrorrhiza, mihi, foliis ovali-ellip- 
ticis mucronato-cuspidatis, cymis nutantibus 
dichotomis petioles excedentibus. floribus 
8 andris, fructibus subulato-clavatis pendulis. 
