CHEMICAL WORKS AT GLASGOW. 
507 
annum. The power and hand Ipoms 
belonging to Glasgowin 1831 amounted 
to 47, viz. steam looms, 15,127 ; 
hand looms, in the city and suburbs, 
18,537 ; in other towns, for Glasgow 
manufactures, 13,463. Since that period 
power looms have greatly increased. 
Steam Engines.— lHhexQ are in Glas- 
gow and its suburbs 310 steam-engines, 
viz. 176 employed in manufactories ; 59 
in collieries ; 7 in stone quarries ; and 
68 in steam boats. Average power of 
engines, 2O.40-lOOth j total horses’ 
power, 6.406. 
Coals. — In 1831 the quantity sent to 
Glasgow amounted to 561,046 tons, of 
which 124,000 were exported, leaving 
for the use of families and public works 
437,049 tons. 
Average Price of Coals delivered in 
quantities in Glasgow during Eleven 
Years. 
Per T<in. Per Ton. 
s. 
d. 
s. d. 
s. d. 
s. d. 
Ih 1821. 
..8 
4 
lo 9 
4 
Ill 1827. .6 3 
to 7 3 
1822.. 
.7 
U 
to 8 
11 
1828 .5 10 
to 6 111 
1823.. 
,.7 
6 
to 8 
6 
1829.. 5 10 
to 6 10 
1824.. 
, .7 
II 
to 8 
11 
1830.. 5 10 
to 6 10 
1825.. 
11 
1 
to 12 
I 
1835. .6 10 
to 7 10 
1826. 
..9 
7 
to 10 
7 
Previous to the year 1755, all colliers 
and other persons employed in coal 
works were, by the common law of 
Scotland, in a state of slavery. They, 
and their wives and children, if they 
had assisted for a certain period at a coal 
work, became the property of the Coal- 
masters and were transferable with the 
coal work in the same manner as the 
slaves on a West Indian estate. 
Timber Trade. — Messrs. Pollock, Gil- 
mour, 8f Co., who are chiefly engaged 
in the North America timber trade, have 
eight different establishments, that ship 
annually upwards of six millions cubic 
feet of timber, to cut and collect which, 
and to prepare it for shipment, requires 
upwards of fieteen thousand men, 
AND SIX hundred HORSES AND 
OXEN in constant employment ; and, 
for the accommodation of their trade, 
they are owners of twenty-one large 
ships, the registered tonnage of which 
is twelve thousand and five tons, navi- 
gated by five hundred and two seamen, 
carrying each trip upwards of twenty 
thousand tons of timber at forty cubic 
feet per ton ; all of which ships make 
two, and several of them three, voyages 
annually. It may be truly said that 
this establishment is unequalled in 
Europe. 
Iron Works in Scotland in June, 
Erei ted in «ir 
1836. 
about the 5 ear’s 
Furnaces. 
Tons. 
1767, Cairon Conipaiiy .. 
... 6 
. 8,000 
l7Kfi, rlwie . . 
... 4 
. I2,0no 
. 3,000 
1786, Wilsoiiiowii 
1790 Mnilkiik 
. .. 3 
. 6,000 
1790, Cleland 
1790 , Devon 
. 7,noo 
1805, Caldei 
5 
. 15,000 
1805, Sholts 
. 3,000 
1825 , .MoiiklaiKl 
1828, (larisheirie 
. I 6000 
1834, Diiiiilyvaii 
. 12. <00 
Total 
. .. .ii 
. 92,000 
Exclusive of the 
above fur 
‘naces. 
there are eight additional ones in a state 
of forwardness — viz. two at Gartsher- 
rie, one at Calder, one at Monkland, 
two at Somerlie and two at Govan. 
These eight furnaces will make about 
20,000 tons annually. 
These works are all in the neigh- 
bourhood of Glasgow excepting five, 
and none of them are thirty miles dis- 
tant from that city. 
St. Rollox Chemical Works. — This 
manufactory, for the manufacture ef 
sulphuric acid, chlorid of lime, soda, 
and soap, the most extensive of any of 
the kind in Europe, covers ten acres of 
ground, and within its walls there are 
buildings which cover 27,340 square 
yards of ground. In the premises there 
are upwards of 100 furnaces, retorts, or 
or fire places, and in one apartment 
there are platina vessels to the value of 
upwards of 8,000Z. In this great con- 
cern, upwards of 600 tons of coal are 
consumed weekly. 
Soft Goods Trade. — ^The establish- 
ment of Campbell & Co., now embra- 
cing the whole sale as well as the retail 
business, is the largest of the kind out 
of London, containing 4842 square 
yards of flooring, or rather more than 
an imperial acre. One hundred and 
thirty-four persons are employed in the 
sale and counting-house departments 
of these warehouses. The following is 
a note of the respective amounts of 
seven years’ sales, which not only shows 
the progressive increase of Messrs. 
Campbells’ business, but exhibits a fair 
criterion of the rapid increase and com- 
mercial improvement of the city of 
Glasgow : — 
III 1818 ..£ 41,022 6 4 In 1830.. £250,899 9 6 
1824 .. 156,284 2 I 1832.. SI2,207 5 8 
1827 .. 183,385 6 10 1834 .. 423,021 4 7 
The sales during l835 exceeded half 
A MILLION STERLING. Besides these 
gross sales, the company manufacture 
4 
