THE INDIA REVIEW 
OF WORKS ON SCIENCE, 
AND 
JOURNAL OF FOREIGN SCIENCE AND THE ARTS, 
EMBRACING 
MINERALOGY, GF^OLOGY, NATURAL HISTORY, PHYSICS, See. 
REVIEW. 
Some enquiries in the Province of Kemaon> 
relative to Geology and other Branches 
of Natural Science, by Assistant Sur- 
geon John McClelland, Member 
of the Royal College of Surgeons, in 
London, and of the Medical and Physi- 
cal Society, Calcutta, Oct.pp. 384 .— 
Thacker & Co., Calcutta. 
Continued from page 203 . 
We now commence upon Dr. McClel- 
land’s history of granite and the various 
superincumbent formations in the same 
consecutive order in which they occur ; 
and we have reason to believe that this 
portion of our review will be read with in- 
terest by geologists in Britain, France, and 
America. Our author states that granite rock 
is found at Choura Pany, and that it pene- 
trates through gneiss, and forms a succession 
of elongated elevations which constitute the 
basis of the highest district in Kemaon. 
The ridge extends in a north-westerly direc- 
tion, for forty or fifty miles, and is termi- 
nated a few miles east of Choura Pany, 
by the great valley of the river Gogra. 
Our author says — 
“ This range appears to be an elongation 
of the Leti, Tirsal, and Dhanapur mountains, 
which form the eastern boundary of the 
valleys in which the Alacananda river rises ; 
and may with great propriety be named, in 
the language of geographers, the principal 
mountain chain: while the great chain to 
which the snowy peaks immediately belong, 
may, in like manner, be called the high moun- 
tain chain. A better idea of the relative 
connexion of these chains may be formed, by 
the reader conceiving himself placed on Chou- 
ra Pany. On the south, he sees the plains 
of Hindustan below him like a mist, and dis- 
tant about twenty miles ; on the north, the 
high mountain chain, or snowy peaks already 
described ; and on the north-west, a succes- 
sion of elevated mountains are observed, ex- 
tending from Choura Pany, obliquely, to- 
wards the high mountain chain to which they 
are attached : these constitute the principal 
mountain chain, and this chain gives off sub- 
ordinate groups, which, on the one side, 
pass in close succession to the plains, where 
they terminate in a line of steep declivities ; 
and on the other, these lateral groups inter- 
mix with similar groups, given off by the high 
mountain chain, and forming between them 
the valleys of the Gogra. 
Tliis somewhat complex description would 
not have been required, were the chain of 
mountains to which it refers, as distinctly 
marked by their altitudes, as by their strata ; 
but as this is not the case, and as the whole 
province appears, if superficially tiewed, a 
mere chaos of mountains, we are not to lose 
sight of any indications presented by their 
internal structure, and particularly by the 
strata of granite. 
The granite, as has been stated, makes its 
appearance only in the centre of this moun- 
tain chain, in the loftiest places, such as 
Choura Pany. It is stratified, and extends 
in the direction of N. W. ; the strata are 
nearly vertical, and appear to be composed of 
nodula, around which concentric layers are 
wrapped, in the form of newer and newer 
deposite. This appearance may however be 
referred to the effects of weathering, as it is 
only observed on surfaces that have been long 
exposed. A similar appearance has been 
long since observed by Dolomieu, in blocks of 
granite, in ancient Rome ; and also by De 
Luc, in the granite mountains of Silesia. 
The colour of our granite is grey, some- 
times of a reddish hue, derived fi-om the 
felspar ; but the usual colour is bluish grey. 
The mass is fine-grained, and resembles spe- 
