329 
ON A SPECIES OF ICHNEUMON BY MR. BADDELEY. 
8 species, the tip of fhe lower mandible is sen- 
i sibly bent up and notched despite the dictum 
of the systematist. 
Nor is gregariousness the characterstic of 
the manners^ of any of them, tho’ the young 
attend their parents for several months. 
The structure of the wing is similar in the 
3 first species. The two next also have a com- 
mon form, but diifering from the precedent. 
A third change takes place in the 6th, The 
first differs from the two next by its velvety 
capistral plumes, which, however, are accom- 
panied by strong nareal andrictal bristles. 
In passing from the Edolianoe to the Ceblc- 
pyringe Mr. Swainson observes that the 
latter are characterised by “srreater depression 
and consequent weakness of the bill.” I have 
classed our two last species with the Ceblepy- 
rinoe because of their smooth f’ape, their puf- 
fy and spinous rump feathers, their unbur- 
nished and unblackened plumai^e, their less 
exclusively perchin'^ legs and feet, and their 
more onnivoi’ous habits. But, the very op- 
posite of depression is the character of the 
bill in one of them ; whilst the other has 
great breadth, indeed, in the rostrum, but 
without feebleness or depression. These 
latter are properly the characters of our 6th 
species only ; which, however, is very clearly 
not a Ceblepyris. Much as I admire the skil 
ful labors of Mr. Swainson, I cannot think 
so highly of my luck in the discovery of rari- 
ties, or so lowly of my discernment in the ap- 
preciation of ordinary forms, as not to sus- 
pect that those labours call for yet further 
revision. The Ceblepyrinog are obviouly less 
formed for flight andraption than the Edo* 
lianoe, and their ungarnished vestments are 
equally contraoistinctive. 
A forked tail often feathers seems as pre- 
valent among th:’ Edoliano? as a wedged one 
of twelve amongst the Ceblepyrinoe — one of 
several indications tending to demonstrate 
the superior power of the former upon the 
wing. 
Lastly, all of our Edolianoe have a fine 
voice, whilst the Ceblepyrinoe seem to be silent 
or worse : Heaven defend our ears from the 
clamorous screaming of Grauculus. 
Valley of Nepal, 1836. 
DESCRIPTION OF A SPECIES OF 
ICHNUEMON, INHABITING THE 
INTERIOR OF THE GALL BY AN 
INSECT ON THE LEAVES OF 
THE FICUS RACEMOSA. 
By P. F. H. Baddeley, Esq. 
For the India Review. 
In my examination of the interior of the 
gall formed by an insect already described, 
1 frequently observed a small light colour- 
ed grub, which I at first imagined might 
live and feed at the expense of the natural 
inhabitant : I have, however, since ascer- 
tained that such is not the case, but that 
both live independently, and feed upon the 
vegetable juices without detriment to each 
other. 
This insect is so often found to occupy 
the interior of the gall, that many might 
conclude that it was the very insect that 
produced the excresence, and would con- 
sequently be led to form opinions, regard- 
ing its nature, totally at variance with the 
truth. 
In the description of this insect a strik- 
ing contrast will be observed to exist be- 
tween its internal economy and that of the 
real gall insect ; for in the former all the 
essential charactaristics both of the several 
states of the imperfect, as well as the struc- 
ture of the perfect insect, will be found to 
agree exactly with the definition of the 
hymenopterous order ; while those of the 
latter scarcely tally with it in one point. 
This circumstance may tend to confirm 
the opinion, expressed on a former occa- 
sion, that if the gall insect be a cijnips, it 
must be referred to a class, different from 
that under which that Tribe is usually 
described. 
The produce of this grub is a 4 winged 
insect, of the ichneumon genus, the^ fe- 
male of which is armed with a long ovipo- 
sitor, whicli she introduces (I presume) into 
the interior of the gall, (from its un- 
der surface) formed on the leaves of the 
ficus racemosa, about the period that the 
gall insect has become enclosed in this ex- 
crescence, and these deposit on the body 
of the pupa, a single egg. This shortly 
changes to a larva or grub, invisible to the 
unassisted eye, which still continues at- 
tached to the body of the gall insect, and 
lives and grows for a certain time at its 
experise. 
With a change of skin however the pupa 
rids itself of this rarusitic appendage, which 
now becomes endued with different tastes 
and acquires herbivirous habits, feeding in 
concert, on the juices of the interior of the 
gall. 
In this occupation it continues to grow, 
without detriment to the other inmate, and 
about the time that the gall insect is ready 
to emerge, this grub has attained its full 
growth, and commences to form its cocoon, 
for the purpose of undergoing its transfor- 
mation to a chrysalis. 
This, when completed, occupies about one 
third of the cavity of the gall, to the side 
of which it is closely adherent. 
It is of an ovate shape, flattened on the 
free surface and pointed at one extremity. 
