364 
ON THE NAVIGATION OF THE INDUS. 
ter, ibal Is to be found at ibis aioinentgtowiiig In 
India. 
1'be Cotton imported into Bombay lias been cal 
ciliated to have increased within a very few years, 
from the annual value of 80 or 80 lakhs of rupees, 
to the amount of near three crores. No material 
Improvement can have taken place in the staple, 
and the Cotton of the once despised districs of Su- 
rat, &C- now fetches a price at least equal to that 
of upland Georgia in 1829. The fact is, that the 
rise of price has suggested new modes of separating 
the impuriiies at borne, and a dirty, short-fibred 
Cotton, now turns out not so bad an article’ The 
cultivation even in very inferior land has greatly 
increased and still Increases rapidly. In this career 
are we likely to receive a check 1 In 1829, Surats, 
&c. were quoted at 3d | per lb. In 1835, he find that 
(before the late rise) the worst sample he could pio- 
cure of Colton very inferior to Sniat (some vile 
Compta) said by Company’s brokers to be “ badly 
cleaned, lender staple and stained” was valued at 
6|d per lb. Now Dr. Lush is convinced tliat the grow- 
er and tlie merchant may yet get ample profit when 
the best Indian cottons are at 5:1- per lb. As long 
as there exists so little difference between very 
dirty and very clean Cotton, as there is at present, 
— and he knows no reason why this comparative 
ratio should change,— we need not fear, he says, what 
some please to term competition wiih America. Our 
cotton may well afford to stand a little abuse 
while so liigh a price Is paid for it. We have the 
satisfaction of knowing that we can stand up 
against a gieat reduction in price below the pre- 
sent rates.— 
REPORT ON THE STATE AND NAVI GATION 
OF THE INDUS BELOW HYDERABAD. 
About 50 miles from the sea the River Indus, it is 
well known, divides into two grand arms the Bug- 
ganr and the setta. During the dry season no 
communication now exists between ilie Bogganrand 
main stream, a sand liank having accumulated at 
the confluence which is 6 or 6 feet above the level 
of the water; in all the liranches diverging from it 
the water is salt for the greater part of tiie year, 
and they are then merely inlets of the sea. The 
Setta or Eastern arm pursues the same course to 
the ocean as the gieal river from wliicli it is sup- 
plied, and is ill facta coniinuaiion of it; in every 
part it preserves a similar magnitude, and for a 
long a period it has been, as it is now, the princi- 
pal channel of tlie Indus; in its passage tothesea 
it receives many local appellations, bui is best 
known near tlie coast as the Mminejab «.r wanyaiiee. 
Of the foul branches it sends off, the Mull and 
Moinnee are impassable ai the point wliere they 
leave the parent siieain, and iioiliing is n<>w seen 
of these once noble riveis but two shallow rivulets, 
one of which you may step across and the other hut 
a few yards wide. 1 he Hiijamree and Kedywaiee 
are the only two now favoied lo any extent by the 
fresh water, or which possess navigable channels 
into the main river ; the latter however can scarcely 
be called a branch, for it is merely a shallow cieek 
with a broad entrance ilial quits the vtnnnejah near 
its mouth- Above the Delta tivo more branches 
are ibiownoff by the Indus, the Pinyaree and Fu- 
lailee wliicb are rivers only dining the inundation : 
after it has subsided they dry up for miles, and are 
besides closed by bunds thiown across them above 
the Seaport towns. 
The Indus formerly reached the sea through 
eleven large mouths, but three of them now siillice 
in the dry season, to discharge its water ; of these 
the Phitiee, Pyiiliaiiee, Jonah and Iticliael belong 
to the Buggaur and the Hujamiee, Kedywaiee* 
Kookewaree, Kalieel,aiul Mull to iiie Sena; the 
Seer and Koree and entrances to the Pinyaiee and 
Fiilailee branches and complete the number. Be- 
sides these, there .are many small mouths, but as 
it would only tend to confuse, T sli all not iiaiiio 
them. At present the Kookewaree, which gives 
egiess to (he waters of the Miinnejah River-, is the 
grand embouchure of the Indus ; in the late iMa^is 
it is called the Gota, hut eri-oiieously so, for iliat 
mouth was deserted by the stream some years ago, 
and its site is now occupied by an extensive 
swamp. 
Between the Eastern and Western mouths the 
Coast of the Delta runs nearly in a strait direction 
to the N. \V. about 125 miles : in the charts now 
in use it is laid down above half a degree too far to 
the Eastward, and tlie same error will he found in 
every part that exists at the mouths of the Hiijam- 
ree and Koree, where the longitutle has been ascer- 
mined by numerous observations ; the foimer is in 
G7d.25ii, 21s. East, and tli.; latter in 68d. £0 in. 
East, rite shore is low and flat throughout, and at 
high water partially overflowed to a considerable 
distance inland ; witli the exception of a few spots 
covered with jungle it is entirely destitute of tre- s 
or sliiii'bs, and nothing is seen fur iiiaiiy miles 
hut a dreary swamp: wherever this occurs tlie land 
is scarcely discernible two miles from the slioie, 
but at those parts where tltere are hushes, it is visi- 
itle from the deck of a small vessel double tliat 
distniice. Oii a coast so devoid of objects and 
partly submerged at limes, it is often dilJicnlt to 
distinguish the moiiiiis of the different riveis, and 
l)ut few direciions can be given to assist (he navi, 
gator ill finding them. The Seer is known by 
6 time sand-heaps topped with bnslies on its North 
point, whicli are sulliciently elevated to be visible 
some distance ; tlie Cntcli Pilots call tliis point 
Donppee and always stands into siglit it, before they 
gteei forthe Mitnnejah bank. I licre is a similar 
spot at the Riohael mouth, which also serves as a 
ciiide in approacliing Hie Hujatnree River iwo miles 
below it. Theoaiik every where piojecting (rom the 
coast, extends from the Bay of Coiachee to the N. 
W. extremity of Cutcii- In breadth it varies con- 
side rably ; off the mouth of the Setta, where liroad 
flats have been cast up by the greater streii^ih of 
the tide, it runs out in some places 5 or 6 miles, 
and at low water is <try fora distance of I 5 mile s 
along the shore; at the Kotee month it is of a si- 
milar breadth but only dries liereand liiere in small 
patches: in othei paits the oiiieredge isonlySor 
3 miles from the land, and sometimes less, and at 
Ion' tide it has a depth of water on i', which fioiii 
•2.^ fatiioms decreases gradually to 4 oi 6 feet, on 
the liank the bottom is smooth and hard, but 
outside is composed of soft mud. The tides are 
extremely it tegular ; between the Seer and Mull 
moutiis, 80 miles apart, the current sets constantly 
to the E- S E,, and the flood or ebh can only he 
distinguished by the rise or fall of water, which is 
not more than 4 feet: near tlie Miinnejah bank, the 
ebb runs with some strenghih directly off shore, 
and the rise and fall incieases to 12 feet : in^oiher 
parts where the channels are niinierotis, the tides 
change their direct! on every hour, and they are 
scarcely felt at a greater distance than 2 or 3 
utiles from the shore. 
During tlie fine season the Sinde Coast may he 
navigated witliout difiicnliy ; the soundings are every 
where a sulficieiit guide, and in general decrease so 
gradually and with such legiilarity, that no danger 
is to he apprehended in approaching it. I he only 
shoal of any consequence is tiie Great Mnnnejnli 
Bank, which projects beyond the line of the direct 
rout to the Northern rivers. In passing it duiing 
