NAPHTHALINE ANP ITS COMPOUNDS. m 
% t;tas3 receiver. The first product is a yellow 
substance which turns black in the air, and 
deposits much naphthaline. The second 
contains more naphthaline; the third is viscid, 
orangu colouied, and contains much para- 
Baptithanne. 'I'he last contains a substance 
with the colour of realgar, which ha"; not been 
examined. Tlte first oils |>roduce tlie napli- 
thaline. 'I'hese are distilled and puiified by 
crysfallir.ation by means of alcohol. The 
specific gravity of its vapour is 4'528 by 
: experiment. 
Hence, we may consider its composition, 
lO alomsCarbon, .. 4*166= *75 10 atoms 
5,, Hydrogen,.. *347 = -625 5,, 
451 1 8 125 
His, therefore, a bi-pcnta-carbydrogen or 
C10H5. 
. 1. CHLORIDE OF NAPHTHALINE* 
, of Laurent is obtained by combining chlo- 
, rine with naphthaline without heat. It is a 
. white powder, hut may be obtained in rhorn- 
buidal plates by solution in edter. Smell 
strong. Melts at 284f*. When distilled, it is 
decomposed, but it may be volatilized in an 
open lube. Insoluble in water ; little solu- 
ble in alcohol ; more soluble in ether. Boil- 
• ing sulphuric and nitric acids decompose it. 
; Potash takes up m'lri.itic acid from it. Potas- 
; sium destroys it. It consists of caibon 45, 
hydiogen 2.9, chlorine 521. 
; 2.CHLORO-NAPHTHALASE.--When 
chlorine begins to act upon naphthaline, an 
V oil is formed which it is difficult to separate 
from the pieceding chloride and napluhaline. 
By dissolving it in ether, and allowing it to 
Stan 1 for some hours, the latter sepaiates. 
Lastly, by dissolving it in alcohol and allow- 
ing it to settle, we observe that the solid chlo- 
ride precipitates fii't, then the oilv chloride, 
and la-t of all, the naphthaline. In this way 
it may be i'olaied. It contains ci ibon 60 9, 
hydrogen 3 9. chlorine 35*2. 
. S.CHLORO.NAPHTHALESE.— When 
naphthaline is treated with chlorine; aft r 
being liquified, the matter becomes solid. A 
product is obtained whicli affords chloro-nao’i- 
•thalese by the simple action of potash. The 
product is placer! in a letori along with a strong 
solution of potash in alcohol. Heat is applied 
ami the alcohol collected. Pour a little water 
on the residue, the excess of potash and some 
chloiirle of potassium will be separated. An 
oil is deposited which is treated again withal- 
• Laurent employs .a new nomenclature to 
designate this numerous class of compounds. 
- It consists in changing the vowel of the final 
syllable of the name of the .substance in jiro- 
portiouasthe h.vdrogen is replaced by com- 
bining bodies. (Uiloro-naphlhatase will con- 
V tain ‘i atoms of hyilrogeii less than naphtha- 
line^ and will have gained 3 atoms of chlorine. 
Chloro-naphlh rlese will contain -4 atoms of 
-hydrogen less than naphthaline, and will 
> have gained 2 atoms of chlorine. Chloro-naph- 
thalise is not known. Chloro-naphthalosc 
jj , contains 8 atoms of hydrogen less than naph- 
thaliae. 
cohol and potash. It is then precipitated by 
water. In a few hours it becomes a pearly 
mass crystallizing by sublimation. Tliis Is 
cliloio-naplitlialese. It consists of carbon, 
Cl‘4, livdrogfMi 3', chlorine 35’6. 
4 . P 1-: R Cl I LO R 0 - N A P H i ’ H ALES E .~I f, 
itisteail of treating the preceding f>ody with 
potash, we di-nil it, it is partly decomposed, 
and a portion passes over with an oil. By 
expressing the product between paper we ob- 
tain a pure substance which crystallizes by 
means of alcohol in needles w ith a rhorrjbpi- 
dal base. It is isomorplious with the preced- 
ing. 
If this pyrogenoiis compound is treated with 
a current of dry chlorine at the usual tempera- 
ture, the gas comi)ines witli it and forms- a 
solid, wiiich, when dissolved in ether, crystal- 
lizes in small prisms. It is colourless, insoluble 
in water, little solultle in alcohol, more so in 
ether. It may be di-^tilled. It consists of car- 
bon 25*4, hydrogen 1*2, chlorine 73*4. 
5. CHLORO-NAPH rilALOSE. When 
napthaline is submitted to the action of chlo- 
rine it li |uifies, and muriatic gas is evolved. 
The matter becomes solid. By applying h.eat 
and continuing the action, a crystalline mass 
is olrtained, which may be |;urified by dissolv- 
ing it several times in alcohol or ether. 'I'he 
crystals are oblique pri-ms. Chloro-naplitiia- 
lose is white and insipid. It distils wdiliout 
change. Burns with a green flame. At a red 
beat, lime converts it into ciiloride ofcalcrnm 
and carbon. It consists of carbon ‘45*6, hy- 
drogen 1 *5, chlorine 52*9. 
6. HYDRO-CHLORATE OF CIILO- 
RO-NAPHTH ALAS E.— This compound is 
piodnced by first pas-^ing a current of chlorine 
over naphthaline; this process should he 
stopped when the only product, wliich was 
healed dur ng the re-action, begins to deposit a 
while matter. This oil is a mixtuie of naph- 
tlialine, oily chloride, and solid chloride. 
When exposed to a tempeiaiure between 122“ 
and 140“ in a small capsule, then dissolved in 
ether and exfmsed to a cold of 14“, the greater 
part of the solid chloride is deposited. The 
efheieal solution wheji mixed with alcdliol 
and exposed to the air deposits ^ths of -oil. 
'i'he remainder, when exposed to a heat , suf- 
ficient to expel ilie ether and alcohol, is frure 
hydroclilorale of chloro-naphthalase. It is 
only, slightly yellow, soluble in alcohol and 
ether. Chlorine converts it into hydio-chlorate 
of chloro-naphihalese. It is decomposed by 
potassium, and partially by distillation. Itscon- 
.stituents ate carbon 61*435, hydiogen 3;^25, 
chloiine 35*040. 
7. 1 1 YD RO-C II LO R ATE 0 F C H LQ RO- 
NAPH rilALESE or solid cbloiide is ob- 
tained by the process just described, , Af- 
ter the action of the cliloiioe has ceased, it ia 
necessary to take up the oily matter wLib the 
ether, and to dissolve theresiduein this liquid 
with beat in a closed flask, anti to crystallize 
by cooling. Boiling sulpliuiic acid converts it, 
1st, into a matter in‘-olubIe in water,, and 
soluble in ether. When this solution is 
evaporated a transparent varnish is left. 
2d. Anotlier substance which remains in 'solu- 
tion and gives, with barjTes, anincrystallizabl© 
