18 
Dr SprengePs Memoir of the Life 
ing benevolence towards almost all his fellow men, cherished 
no hatred towards any* was never injured by any, and never gave 
offence to any. 
His attachment to his native country was so great, that he 
refused the most honourable preferments offered him by foreign- 
ers, although he had less reason to be pleased with his salary, 
than with the honours and estimation conferred on him by all 
his fellow citizens. His knowledge and acquirements were such, 
that with Thunberg he may be considered as nearly the most 
eminent botanist of his time. His domestic life was, in as far 
as we know, tranquil and prosperous, although he had the misfor- 
tune to lose his beloved wife eighteen years before his own death. 
This course of pure and perfect happiness was crowned by a 
mature age, so that his death will be considered timely, if 
we look to the completion of honour, and the misery of senile 
decrepitude ; although premature, if we turn our attention to 
the affection of his friends and the love of his countrymen. 
Hence, while we have reason to lament his loss, we have also 
reason to rejoice that his life was useful and happy. But we 
now proceed, first, to give an account of his life, and then to 
enumerate the writings which he has left, and which will remain 
to future times monuments of his knowledge and genius. 
Glaus Swartz was born at Norkoping, a flourishing manu- 
facturing town of the Province of East Gothland, on the 21st 
September 1760. His father, with the intention of completing 
his education, sent him, in 1778, the year in which Linnaeus 
died, to Upsal, the chief seat of learning in Sweden, that he 
might be more fully instructed in the principles of Natural 
History. The Younger Linnaeus was chosen to supply the 
place of his father in teaching this science. While attending the 
prelections of this master, who was constantly afflicted with bad 
health, Swartz immediately felt that the little knowledge which 
he gained would soon be lost, did he not turn the vacations, 
which here occupy nearly the whole summer, to the use of his 
favourite science. From 1779 therefore to 1782, he travelled 
at this season through the different provinces, for the purpose 
of becoming acquainted with their natural productions, exploring 
those which lie along the Gulph of Bothnia to the west, Lap- 
