Natural History . — Mineralogy • 403 
for motion. No communication existed with the atmosphere* 
The nearest approach to the surface was six inches through solid 
stone. It is not mentioned whether the rock was sandstone or, 
limestone ; but, from the prevalence of limestone on the surface 
of the contiguous country, it may be presumed to be the latter. 
The country is wholly of secondary formation. These animals 
have been frequently found imbedded in clay, gravel, &e. but 
no fact of their having been observed in rock is recollected *.■ Of 
the causes which enable animals of this class, which have been 
suddenly enveloped in strata of earth, or otherwise shut out from 
the air, without injury to the animal organs, to resume, for a 
limited period, the functions of life, on being restored to the at- 
mosphere, no explanation need here be given, as the occurrence 
is a very common one, and is perhaps always more or less the 
result of galvanic action, — SilUman\s Journal. 
31. Green Oxide of Zinc. — Dr Torrey of New- York, has dis- 
covered and analysed a very valuable ore of zinc, which he names 
Green Oxide of Zinc. It contains oxide of zinc, 93.50 ; oxide 
of iron, 3.80 ; carbon, 1.00 ; = 98.00. The red oxide of zinc 
discovered by Dr Bruce, resembles this mineral in composition. 
It, however, differs from it, in containing 12 per cent, of lime, and 
in the absence of iron. It is by far the richest ore of zinc known. 
The red zinc-ore of Jersey, besides the manganese which it con- 
tains, is almost always mixed with more than half its weight of 
Franklinite, from which it is impossible to separate it by mecha- 
nical means ; while the green oxide of zinc is so pure that it can 
be used without any preparation, either for extracting the metal, 
or for the manufacture of brass. — Silliman. 
32. Discovery of Datolite in America.—- The country near Pat- 
terson, in New Jersey, in America, is composed of red sandstone, 
with superimposed beds of secondary trap. The trap contains 
drusy cavities, in some of which are contained prehnite, meso- 
type, chabasite, stilbite and agate ; in others, fine crystals of da - 
tolite , or siliceous borate of lime. 
33. Secondary Granite. — M. Marzari observed in the vicinity 
of Recaro, in Italy, the following arrangement, proceeding from 
* There are a good many instances reported by authors, of toads having been 
found in solid rocks — E d. 
