404 Scientific Intelligence . 
below, upwards, 1. Mica-slate ; 2. Dolerite ; 3. Red sandstone, 
with coal and bituminous marles ; 4. Alpine or magnesian lime- 
stone ; 5. Porphyritic syenite. In the Valley of Lavis (Aviso) 
he observed the following succession of rocks from below, up- 
wards, 1. Grey-wacke ; % Porphyry ; 3. Red sandstone ^.Al- 
pine limestone ; 5. Jura limestone ; 6. Granite and augitic masses, 
without olivine. And Breislac, in a memoir lately published, 
says, that the secondary granite placed upon alpine limestone, 
is the same as the beautiful granite of Egypt, and contains great 
masses of quartz, with imbedded tourmaline. ; 
34. Rhinoceros' Horn found in Scotland. — The horn of a 
rhinoceros found in shell-marl at the bottom of the Loch of For- 
far, has been shewn to the Wernerian Society, and deposited in 
the Royal Museum of the University of Edinburgh. See p. 387. 
35. Turquoise of Persia. — In the Bazar, at Bushehr, and 
at every large town in Persia, a multiplicity of small tur- 
quoises, and sometimes garnets, rubies, and other coloured 
stones, might be purchased, set in silver as rings ; the Ma- 
hommedans, at least the men, not wearing such ornaments 
set in gold. The turquoise is an universal favourite, called 
firuzeh , or more properly firuzelj by the Persians, who believe 
that to look on it, when first awake in the morning, ensures 
prosperity, and highly strengthens and preserves the sight 
during the whole day. To look on the emerald also, is con- 
sidered by the Persians as good for the eyes. It appears 
from Theophrastus, that the ancient Greeks entertained this 
opinion ; 'h — %ocl 7r£os Tc& oftftccTce, uyoitv}. In the Classi- 
cal Journal, No. I. p. 65, March 1810, some observations on 
the emerald may be found, which I derived chiefly from the 
Tuaher Ndmah , a Persian manuscript in my own collection, and 
below more fully quoted. These observations, from motives of 
secrecy which no longer exist, I communicated under a borrow- 
ed character, and the signature of Philosmaragdos. The ef- 
ficacy of the turquoise, however, in this respect, does not alto- 
gether depend, on magnitude ; and, to the lower classes, a firuzel, 
not so large as a grain of wheat, (but seldom perfect), is sold 
with the silver setting for about one shilling. Such rings are 
daily seen on the coarse fingers of the muleteers, grooms, and 
