EIGHTH ANNUAL REPORT. 
21 
To the south of these two sheep and in the Cassiar Mountains 
of British Columbia, thus interposed between it and the true Rocky 
Mountain big-horn, is the Stone sheep, O. stonei, which is very 
dark in color, and the horns of which have a decidedly open spiral, 
suggestive of the wide sweep of the horns of O. poll. 
Small dark sheep, with horns of an open spiral, extend along 
the Selkirks in British Columbia to the American border, while 
the sheep of the main Rockies in the same latitude are clearly of 
the type species and have an extremely close spiral. 
South of the Stone sheep, ranging from British Columbia into 
Mexico, is the true Rocky Mountain big-horn, O. cervina, with 
three subspecies; first, a salmon-colored race in southern Cali- 
fornia, 0 . nelsoni; second, an outlying form in Old Mexico, O. 
mexicanus; and third, in the Bad Lands of the upper Missouri 
River, O. auduboni. 
ROCKY MOUNTAIN GOAT. 
The only remaining member of the Bovidae to be considered 
is the Rocky Mountain goat, Oreamnos, consisting of two species, 
O. montanus , extending from the northern Rockies of the United 
States into Alaska, where it is replaced near the western limit of 
its range by an allied species, 0 . kennedyi, the horns of which are 
lyrate and relatively wide spreading. The British Columbian 
mountain goat is a much larger and finer animal than the type 
species in the United States, and has recently been assigned a 
subspecific rank, as has the smaller form in the mountains of 
Idaho. 
We would expect to find more species of this animal, as if is 
a very aberrant form of the mountain antelopes or Rupicaprinae, 
a subfamily of the Bovidae, of which the chamois is the best 
known member. While not in any sense goats, the members of 
this genus are to some extent intermediate between the true or 
bovine antelopes and the goats. 
The genus most closely allied to Oreamnos is Nemorhaedus, 
the members of which inhabit the central Asiatic plateau, where 
they are known to sportsmen as the goral. An outlying form 
in Japan, N. crispus, is well known as the serow. 
This strange and interesting inhabitant of the Rocky Moun- 
tains is assigned to a peculiar genus, sharing its characters 
with no Old World species, and, while its lineage cannot be traced 
further back on this continent than the Upper Pleistocene, still 
