58 
IOWA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES. 
June Bot. Gaz. for 1904 has a very complete paper on place 
constants for Aster prenantho ides. 
The work for this paper was done in the summer and 
fall of 1904 under the direction of Prof. L. H.Pammel of 
the Iowa State College, Ames, from whom valuable sug- 
gestions were obtained. Acknowledgment must also be 
made of important suggestions from Prof. H. E. Summers 
of the same place, who first suggested the study of Anthe- 
mis. Valuable aid was rendered by Charlotte M. King, in 
constructing the tables and curves, and by Estelle D. Fogel 
in the mathematical work of the paper. 
LITERATURE CITED. 
Davenport, C. B. 1899. The importance of establishing 
specific place-modes. Science N. S. 9: 415-416. 
”. 1899. Statistical methods with special reference 
to biological variation. New York; John Wiley and sons. 
. 1901. Zoology of the twentieth Century. Science 
N. S. 14: 315-324. 
Drury, C. T. 1897. Variation and Environment. Gard. 
Chron. ser. 3, 21, No. 531, pp. 133, 134. 
Henslow, G. 1895. Individual Variation. Nat. Sci. June, 
1895, pp. 385-390. 
Hildebrand, F. Uber einige Variationen an Bluthen. 
Ber. dent, bot. Ges. 11 (1893), No. 8. pp. 476-480. 
Lucas, F. C. Variation in the Ray Flowers of the com- 
mon Cone Flower {Rudheckia hirtd), Am. Nat. June, 1904, 
pp. 427-429. 
Lutz, F. E. 1904. Biological interpretation of skew 
variation. Science N. S. 19:214. 
Pearson, K. 1903. Variation and correlation in the 
lesser celandine from diverse localities. Biometrika 
2: 145-164. 
. 1899. Abnormal and continous variation. 
Grammar of Science. London, Adam and Chas. Black, 
pp. 384-392. 
