96 
IOWA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES. 
TOTAL GROWTH OF SEVERAL SPECIES OF CONIFERS. 
Name of Species. 
Diameter. 
Inches. 
Height. 
Feet. 
Age. 
Altitude. 
Pinua albicaulis 
12 . 
32 
8,000 
Pinus albicaulis 
8 
24 
8,000 
Pimis albicaulis 
18 
45 
66 
8,000 
Pinns albicaulis 
9 
38 
60 
8,000 
Pinus albicaulis ... 
14 
51 
130 
8,000 
Pinus albicaulis 
81/^ 
33 
80 
8,000 
Pinus albicaulis 
10 
33 
80 
8,000 
Abies subalpina 
5 
18 
20 
8,000 
Pinus murrayana 
8 
32 
30 
Pinus murrayana 
10 
35 ' 
Pinus mm ray ana 
1 
3K 
18 
Pinus murrayana 
m 
5 
17 
Pinus murrayana 
9 
8 
30 
Pinus murrayana 
10 
35 
The region at an altitude of 8,000 feet is quite heavily 
timbered. There are but few small open meadows. In 
these open meadows, such plants as Achillea millefolium, 
Arnica corclifolia, Aquilegia ccerulea, Deschampsia ccespitosa, 
Erigeron several species, Valeriana sylvatica^ Luzula two 
species. The banks of the small streams were lined with 
Bryanthus empetrifolia scattered here and there in the 
meadows, but more abundant in the woods is what is 
known as Moose Grass {Xerophylliim doucjlasii), Gilia, 
Arnica, Geim trifloriim. The Englemann Spruce, Finns 
alhicaulis, Abies suhalpina, and the Finns murrayana ex- 
tend to the timber line in some places. The real timber 
line species here appears to be the white pine. The highest 
point reached on the trip was about 8,500 feet. The Moose 
Grass, Xerophyllum douglasii, also reaches the timber line. 
There were also several species of Poa, Danthonia, 
Bryanthus empetrifolia, Yaccinum tvv^o species, the V. 
ccespitosum and the V. myrtillns var. microphyllum, Ledum 
glandulosum, and a caespitose Phlox. 
There are very few open parks in this country. The most 
extensive visited was at an altitude of 7,500 feet near the 
head waters of the Blue Joint. At this point occurring on 
the outlying lower slopes are groves of the Fseudotsuga 
douglasii and F. murrayana; farther up on the highest 
points some Abies subalpina, F. albicaulis, and a little 
