XVI 
PEEFACE. 
and doubtfully referred to the genus Germs (No. N, 68), I have carefully compared 
with the corresponding teeth of Fortax pictus, and find that the two are generically 
indistinguishable, and I therefore come to the conclusion that the fossil teeth 
probably belong to Fortax namadicus of Professor Eutimeyer. Similar teeth have 
been obtained by Mr. Hacket from the Narbada, and by Mr. Eedden from the 
Pem-ganga. 
Bovine. — Among Mr. Theobald’s Siwalik collection, I have lately determined 
two specimens of the axis vertebrae of a bovine, which, from their large size, must, 
I think, undoubtedly belong to Bos acutifrons. I have compared these vertebrae 
with a perfect specimen of the axis of Bos primigenius in the Indian Museum, and 
with another specimen figured by Professor Eutimeyer,^ and I find that although 
the Indian and European vertebrae are similar in general plan, yet there are 
many points of detail in which they differ considerably, thus confirming my con- 
clusions drawn from the skulls. 
It may be well to mention here that at the time of writing the third fasciculus 
of this volume,^ I was unacquainted u ith the fact that some varieties of Bos primi- 
genius have horn-cores with an elliptical cross section at the base, as the specimen 
drawn in fig. 3 of Plate II of the above- quoted memoir of Professor Eutimeyer. 
In this respect, therefore, there is a closer relationship between Bos primigenius 
and B. planifrons and B. acutifrons than I have indicated in the text. 
It should also be observed that Professor Boyd Dawkins drops the name 
Bos primigenius, and identifies that animal with the prehistoric and historic Bos 
urus, now represented by the cattle of Chillingham Park. By Professor Eutimeyer, 
in his last published memoir,^ the name Bos primigenius is retained for the 
Pleistocene form, and the name Bos taurus adopted (as a race name) for the living 
form. 
With regard to the bisons. Professor Eutimeyer has come to the conclusion 
that the bones of Bison priscus are indistinguishable from those of Bison ameri- 
canus, while, on the other hand. Bison priscm and B. europceus are also indistin- 
guishable specifically.® There is thus established an intimate connection between 
the now widely different European and American bisons. In his latest work, how- 
ever, Professor Eutimeyer ® retains the three above mentioned specific names, and 
places B. sivalensis as the earliest representative of the group. 
The genus Bubalus of other writers is split up by Professor Eutimeyer into two 
genera,*' which are termed Bubalus and Buffelus ; the former includes the European 
Pleistocene B. antiquus and the living African B. coffer and B. hracliyceros > the 
latter includes B. platyceros {sivalensis), B. palceindicus, and B. pallasii in the 
Pleistocene. In the recent period Professor Eutimeyer names the living Indian 
> Nov, Mem. Soc. Helv., Vol. XIX, PI. IV, figs. 1, 2- 
- See page 112. 
* Quar. Journ. Geol. Soc., Lond., Vol. 22, p. 394. 
'* “ Die Kinder der Tertiar-Epoche, etc.,” p. 189. 
® See “ Prehistoric Times,” 2nd ed., p. 296. 
" loc, cit. 
