40 
MOLAE TEETH AND OTHER REMAINS OE MAMMALIA. 
p. 1295) and doubtfully from Erauce {see Genais, “ Faleontologie et Zoologie 
Francaises,p. 148) . My reasons for doubting the validity of Ealconer’s second Siwalik 
species will be found in the Records of the Geological Survey of India (vol. IX, 
pt. 3). 
Camelopaedalis sivalensis, Falc. et nohis, Plate 7, figs. 14 and 15. 
The three lower molars of this spe'cies, as extended by me, which are figured in 
the accompanying plate, were found by Mr. Theobald in the Siwaliks of the Potwar 
district ; the two teeth implanted in a fragment of the jaw are the first and second 
permanent molars of the right mandible ; they are considerably worn, and some- 
what imperfect, but they are important, because the corresponding teeth have never 
been figured as described, and the first of the two is a very characteristic tooth in 
the living C. giraffa. The detached tooth is the ultimate premolar belonging to 
the same lower jaw ; a less worn specimen of the corresponding tooth of the opposite 
side is figured in the “ Paleontological Memoirs” (vol. I, PI. 16, fig. 78) under the 
name of C. affinis. 
The molar teeth are implanted in the jaw in the same oblique manner as in 
the existing species ; the enamel islands in the first molar have been almost obliter- 
ated by wear, showing that the animal had nearly attained its full age ; in the 
second molar the posterior fold of enamel is completely insulated, but the anterior 
fold is still connected with the median infolding of the crown ; the condition of 
these enamel folds in the second molar shows that the Siwalik species had the same 
peculiarity as the living African species, in which the molars are distinguished from 
those of all other living Muminants by the late period of life at which the enamel 
folds of the crown became completely insulated. 
The inner wall of the anterior barrel of the second molar is, unfortunately, the 
only portion of this surface of the teeth which remains complete ; in this portion 
the postero-internal angle forms the most prominent point on the inner border of 
the crown, while the antero-internal angle is the least prominent of the three 
ridges into which the side of the barrel is divided, precisely the same as in the 
molars of the living species. 
In the middle of the entrance to the median valley in the first molar, there is a 
large blunt accessory tubercle (the dentine of which is exposed by wear) ; in the 
second molar there is no corresponding tubercle in the median valley ; and on 
turning to Ealconer’s figure of the ultimate lower molar of this species (“ Fal. 31em,^ 
vol. l,pl. \Q,jig. 7) no corresponding tubercle is found in the valley of that tooth. 
M'e are therefore assured that in C. sivalensis the only one of the lower molars 
provided with an accessory tubercle is the first; in the recent 0 . giraffa, and in no 
other living Ruminant, precisely the same condition occurs in the lower molars, 
this instance indicates the permanency of apparently unimportant dental characters 
throughout long periods of time, and in widely separated localities, and affords an 
( 58 ) 
