MOLAR TEETH AND OTHER REMAINS OE MAMMALIA. 
41 
additional argument, if one be needed, of the value of the characters of the molar 
teeth in determining the affinities of Fossil Mammalia. 
The enamel is slightly more rugose than in the living species ; the dimensions 
of the present specimen are given in the first column of the following table, and 
those of the corresponding parts of the living species in the second column - 
Length of fragment 
In. 
... 4*3 
In. 
Depth of jaw at second molar 
... 
... 2-4 
L7 
Ditto at first ditto 
... 2-2 
1-65 
Thickness of jaw ... 
..t 
... 1-2 
M 
Length of first molar 
... 1-3 
1-0 
Breadth of ditto ... 
... 10 
0-9 
Length of second molar 
... 1-26 
1*15 
Breadth of ditto ... 
... 1-0 
0*9 
From the above table of measurements it will be seen that the jaw of the fossil 
Indian species is three-quarters of an inch deeper than that of the living African 
species, and slightly thicker, while the molars are also of a slightly larger size. 
The greater stoutness of the fossil jaw perhaps indicates an animal with a shorter 
and stouter-formed head, approaching in form to the Sivatherium, 
The right premolar drawn in figure 14 is rather larger than the corresponding 
tooth of the African C. giraffa ; both the enamel folds have become insulated by 
wear ; the valley on the outer side, and the antero-external angle are rather more 
developed than in the premolar of the living species. The dimensions in the table 
below are compared with those of the ultimate premolar of the African species ; the 
first column contains the measurement of the fossil tooth — 
In. In. 
Length .. ... ... ... ... 1-15 0*9 
Breadth... ... ... ... ... ... 0’9 0-8 
The fossil specimen is, therefore, more oblong than the recent specimen, thereby 
exhibiting a more generalised type, as the almost square premolar of the African 
C. giroffa is a very unusual character among 'Ruminants. 
Genus Bmamatherium. 
This genus was only known to Falconer by a single species from the one 
locality of Perim Island. Upper molars of the genus have been described and 
figured by Falconer (“Pa/. Jfm.,” ml. J, 399) and shown to be very closely allied 
to those of Camelopardalis : the lower molars have not hitherto been figured, and 
are now for the first time described. 
( 59 ) 
