MOLAR TEETH AND OTHER REMAINS OF ’MAMMALIA. 
67 
crown-surface is divided into two portions, a blade and tubercular portion, the 
former occupying the outer side. The blade is divided into two unequal lobes by 
a transverse valley (by this unequal division of the blade the tooth is distinguished 
from the first molar, where the two lobes are symmetrical) ; the two lobes form 
regular blunted cones, the anterior of which is nearly double the size of the 
posterior. 
The tubercular portion of the crown, which commences at the inner base of 
these lohes, has an approximately flat general surface ; the inner border of this 
surface is surrounded by a flattened semi-circular rim about a quarter-of-an-inch 
in width at its broadest part ; within the concavity of this rim, and separated from 
it by a portion of the general flat surface of the crown, there is placed a very low 
and blunt cone, slightly elongated antero-posteriorly. 
A narrow cingulum embraces the outer borders of the blade. In the following 
table the dimensions of this specimen in inches and tenths (in the first column) 
are compared with those of the corresponding tooth of the European Amphicyon 
major (in the second column) 
Length of blade ... 
... 0-76 
0-87 
Length at centre of tubercular portion 
.. ... 0-55 
0-75 
Greatest width 
... 1-13 
1-3 
Height of anterior lobe of blade 
... 0-4 
o-sa 
From this it will be seen that the present specimen in all its dimensions is 
of rather smaller size than the corresponding molar of AmpMcyon major ; taking 
the latter species as a typical fornl of the genus, we may compare the teeth of the 
two species. {A figure of the upper molars of A. major is given in J)e Blainmlle's 
Osteographie^^ Atlas, vol. If Sibursi, pi. XIV.) The general form of the blade is 
very similar in the two specimens ; the anterior cone, however, is rather larger in 
proportion to the posterior in the Indian than in the European form, and in the 
latter the two cones are divided by a deeper channel on the outer side. The 
greatest difference in form occurs in the tubercular portions of the two teeth ; in 
place of the simple cone situated within the raised rim of the innermost border 
of the crown of A, palmidicus, we find in A. major a second semi-circular elevation 
placed within the first ; this central semi-circle runs up to join the angles of the 
lobes of the blade ; at the base of the hindermost of these lobes, the central semi- 
circle is raised into another smaller cone ; finally the semi-circular rim on the 
internal border of the crown is crenulated in the European form, while it is quite 
simple in the Indian. 
These differences give a very marked variety in the contour of the two teeth ; 
if* however, we examine the corresponding tooth of another and smaller European 
species — -A. dominans of Meyer — we find that the central semi-circular rim only 
exists on the anterior half of the crown, the posterior half of which is quite level; 
this anterior ridge terminates in a small blunted cone, occupying the same relative 
position on the crown as does the isolated cone on the crown of the Indian specimen. 
( 85 ) 
