113—26 CHANIA OP RUMINANTS FROM THE INDIAN TERTIARIES. 
smaller figure. The greater part of the horn-cores are complete, though they have 
both lost their extremities ; almost the whole of the f rentals are also remaining and 
are in excellent preservation ; the left orbit is entire, together with the right temporal 
fossa, and the greater part of the zygomatic arch of the same side. The whole of 
the lower part of the face below the apex of the nasals has unfortunately been 
completely broken away ; the occipital region has been also considerably damaged, but 
its characteristic upper boundaries are fortunately preserved ; the occipital condyles 
have disappeared, and the borders of the foramen magnum and the surrounding 
portions of the occiput are somewhat broken and crushed ; the basi-occipital and the 
sphenoidal regions are uninjured. 
In the general form of the forehead this cranium is quite unlike that of any 
other described species of recent or fossil Oxen ; in its general characters, however, it 
appears to approach nearest to the restricted genus Bos, although its differences are 
such that we might very readily refer the species to a distinct sub-genus, were it not 
that the multiplication of these smaller groups is extremely undesirable. 
The frontals are produced mesially into a very prominent longitudinal ridge, 
which extends from the vertex of the cranium to the apex of the nasals ; from the 
presence of this very characteristic ridge, I have assigned to the specimen its specific 
name of acutifrons. From this central ridge the frontals slope away on either side, 
backwards and outwards, like the two sides of a roof, and the forehead has in 
consequence two distinct planes. From this peculiar configuration of the frontalsj 
the anterior borders of the orbits are necessarily placed greatly below or beliind 
the median line of the forehead, so that if a horizontal rod be laid across the frontals 
above the centre of the orbits, the anterior borders of the latter will be found to be 
more than two inches below or behind this rod, whereas in no recent species of 
Oxen would the same border of the orbit be more than half an inch below a 
similarly situated rod. 
The above-mentioned median frontal ridge, commencing at the highest point of 
the cranium, is continued directly downwards as a single and sharp line as far as the 
superior border of the orbits, at which level it expands into a broader ridge, which 
embraces the apex of the nasals ; the orbit of either side is separated from this 
median ridge by a wide v-shaped channel, which expands as it deseends on the 
face ; this channel is a downwards continuation of the supra-orbital sulcus, and is 
quite unlike the sulcus of any other species of Oxen; the broad notch for the 
insertion of the apex of the nasals is seen on the lower border of the figure ; this 
notch does not extend higher up on the skull than the level of the inferior border of 
the orbits. 
The horn-cores are placed on the highest ridge of the cranium, immediately above 
the occipital surface ; they are set very obliquely on the forehead, so that the interval 
between their inferior angles is nearly twice the length of the interval between 
their superior angles ; in a transverse section throughout half their extent the 
horn-cores are pyriform, the apex of the pear being upwards ; in consequence of 
