CRANIA OR RUMINANTS PROM THE INDIAN TERTIARIES. 43—130 
Width of anterior surface of base of right horn-core . . . . . 6‘1 
„ inferior „ „ . . . . . 3'3 
„ posterior „ „ . . • • ,55 
Circumference of base of horn-core . . . . . . 16‘5 
Length along convexity of right horn-core (broken) ..... lo'O 
„ concavity „ . . . . . 120 
Longest diameter of broken tip of ditto ...... 2'7 
Tlie dimensions of a detached and broken horn-core of this species collected 
by Major Godwin- Ansten in the Siwaliks, near the Markanda River, are as follows : 
Greatest diameter of base 
Length along inferior convex border 
„ „ superior concave border 
Greatest diameter at broken tip 
Inches, 
. 5-9 
. 22-0 
. 170 
. 2-7 
The form of tliis horn-core is the same as those of the specimen described 
above, though it is of rather larger dimensions. 
In the collection of the Asiatic Society of Bengal, there is a cast of a cranium 
of this species, from the Siwaliks, the original of wliich is, I presume, in the 
British Museum ; the horn-cores of that specimen are rather longer than in the 
described cranium, but not much larger than the detached specimen collected by 
Major Godwin-Austen. 
The cranium is distinguished from the crania of the genus J5os by the follow- 
ing characters : — 
The direction and triangular cross section of the horn-cores. 
The rounding off of the fronto-parietal region between the horn-cores. 
The occipital crest being placed below both the indentations of the temporal fossae and 
the lower border of the horn-cores. 
The short interval between the horn-core and the orbit, and the salieney of the latter. 
The excess of the transverse over the antero-posterior diameter of the forehead of the 
cranium. 
The upward extension of the apex of the nasals. 
The excess of length of the facial over the frontal portion of the skull. 
The obliquity of the anterior border of the orbit and the concavity between this and the 
nasals. 
The position and direction of the supra-orbital foramina and sulci. 
In all the characters in which this cranium diifers from £os it approaches to 
Biihalus. 
The nasals differ from those of Bubalus arni and Bubalus caffei\ by being 
wider at their infra-orbital angle than at any other part, but this is a character 
which is found in the nasals of Bubalus palcemdicus, as will be noticed below. 
The cranium differs from that of Bubalus arni in that the horn-cores are 
placed much closer together on the frontals ; they, however, occupy a similar posi- 
tion in the cranium of Bubalus caffer. If the cranium of Bubalus arni be placed 
