137—50 CRANIA OF RUMINANTS FROM THE INDIAN TERTIARIES. 
Interval between outer surfaces of zygomatic arcbes 
JB. palceindicus, 
. 11-0 
B. arni. 
lO'O 
Length from foramen magnum to free extremity of palatines . 
. 7-6 
6-9 
Antero-posterior diameter of right born-core at base 
. 7-3 
5'2 
Transverse „ „ „ . . 
. 2-8 
2-5 
Circumference of „ „ . . 
. 18-6 
130 
Width of occiput between temporal fossae 
. 7-0 
51 
Another specimen of the cranium of Bubahis palceindicus in the Indian 
Museum, also from the Nerhudda valley, and consisting of the upper part of the 
cranium and the bases of the horn-cores only, has the following dimensions : — 
Width at constriction above orbits ........ 9’5 
„ of occipitals tbrougb petrosals ....... ll'O 
Interval between external angles of occipital cond^des ...... 6'1 
From occipital crest to vertex cranii ........ 4'2 
Width of occipital between temporal fossae ....... 6'2 
Interval between foramen magnum and occipital crest . . . . . .4 3 
,, „ supra-orbital foramina ....... 5'4 
„ „ inferior angles of born-cores . . . . . .ll'O 
Antero-posterior diameter of base of left born-core ...... 6'4 
The frontals of this specimen are remarkable for their extreme convexity 
between the bases of the horn-cores, and from their rough and corrugated surface : 
the form of the occiput agrees in every detail with that of the last specimen. 
I may here add a few notes and measurements of the crania of this species taken 
from Dr. Falconer’s Catalogue of the Fossil Vertehrata in the collection of the 
Asiatic Society of Bengal. The finest specimen of the cranium of this species, 
marked No. N. 18, was obtained from near Sagouni in the Nerhudda valley; its 
dimensions are as follows ; — 
Inches. 
Length of right horn-core ......... 33'0 
Breadth of „ at base ........ 6'5 
Thickness „ „ ........ 4'5 
Length of left born-core (broken) . . . . . . . . 23'0 
Breadth of skull at base of occiput ........ 13'0 
Height from condyles to plane of frontals ....... lO'O 
“ The horn-cores spread out more horizontally and with a less inclination upwards 
than in the existing wild buffalo, slightly concave anteriorly, and convex behind. 
A cord stretched between the tij)s would subtend the plane of the cranium behind 
the frontals ; in all these respects differing from the existing wild buffalo, and, so 
far as their horizontal offset is concerned, approximating to the Gayal, from which, 
however, they differ in the flattened form of the horns and in every other respect. 
The posterior border of the horn-cores encroaches much upon the temporal fossa, 
which is narrow. These characters are so constant, as shown by still better speci- 
mens in the British Museum, that there can he little doubt but that the species is 
distinct from the existing wild buffalo.” 
