143—56 CRANIA OE RUMINANTS EROM THE INDIAN TERTIARIES. 
above the occipital crest. The great narrowness of the parietal region between the 
liorn-cores and the occipital crest. The close aj^proxiination of the horn-cores. 
The short interval between the horn-core and the orbit. The projection of the orbit 
above the plane of the f rentals.” 
To the above description I add the following remarks : On referring to the 
table of the frontal measurements on the crania of Indian oxen given below’, the 
transverse diameter of the forehead of this specimen will be found to be consider- 
ably longer than the antero-posterior diameter. The nasals are very highly arched, 
and are widest at their infra-orbital angle, diminishing very rapidly in width below 
this point ; there is a ridge between the infra-orbital angle of the nasals and the 
orbit. The supra-orbital foramina pierce the bone obliquely, and are placed at the 
extremities of the sulci ; the sulci do not extend downwards as far as the lower 
border of the orbit ; the orbits have their jDOsterior border prominent at the inferior 
angle, their axis looks obliquely forwards and outwards. The constriction of the 
skull above the orbits is of no great extent. 
As noticed above by Dr. Ealconer, no portion of the parietals of this cranium 
enters into the plane of the occipital surface ; that surface is consequently bounded 
superiorly by the occipital crest, and is composed solely of tlie proper occipital 
bones which do not extend above the crest. The parietals are in a different plane from 
the occiput, sloping upwards to the highest ridge of the cranium, which is in 
consequence placed considerably in advance of the plane of the occipital, instead 
of being directly over it, as in Bos ; this form of the hinder part of the cranium 
is an approach to the still more aberrant form of the cranium of the next genus 
Uemihos ; owing to the obliteration of the sutures, the boundaries of the parietals 
cannot be seen. 
The whole of the temporal fossae may be seen in a back view of the cranium ; 
they cannot be said to intrude on the plane of the oceipital, but rather to bound 
the lateral portions of this surface. The summit of the occipital crest is flattened, 
and its lateral borders somewhat concave superiorly ; there is a large tuberosity 
for the attachment of the nuchal ligament ; the intercornual line is slightly concave; 
the superior border of the horn-cores is convex, and the inferior concave, as in the 
genus Bos. 
The upper border of the temporal fossa is very nearly parallel to the lower or 
zygomatic border; the descending post-orbital process of the frontal is nearly 
vertical, forming almost a right angle both with the upper and lower borders of the 
temporal fossa ; the inner waU of the temporal fossa is somewhat concave from 
above downwards, but is straight from before backwards. The maxiUse do not slope 
inwards to any great extent, so that the lateral surfaces of the nasals are nearly 
at right angles to the anterior surface. The skull is of great vertical depth from 
the orbit to the palate. 
On the spheno-palatine surface the basi-occipital extends forwards for a short 
distance in the plane of the palate ; at the anterior tubercles, however, it is bent 
