CRANIA OR RUMINANTS PROM THE INDIAN TERTIARIES. 73—160 
seem to be unknown : Kydaspithepium has been found only in the Potwar district 
of the Punjab, while Bramatlierium is confined to Perim Island, and the smaller 
Vislmutherium to Burma ; Camelopardalis has been found throughout the greater 
part of the Sub-Himalayan Siwaliks, and it also occurs in Perim Island. Of course 
these lines of distribution may by subsequent discoveries have to be modified, but 
they seem to point out that the head- quarters of the different genera had each its 
separate area, and that it was chiefly stragglers that intruded into the area of 
another genus. 
Before describing the present specimen, it is necessary to say a few words regard- 
ing the allied genus BramatJierium ; this genus was founded by the late Dr. Ealconer 
upon the evidence of certain upper molar teeth of a large ruminant from the 
mammaliferous beds of Perim Island in the Gulf of Cambay; these teeth were 
figm’ed and described in the Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society of London 
for 1815 ( Vol. I, p. 356) ; these figures, together with the description, have been 
copied in the “ Palseontological Memoirs” of Dr. Ealconer, {Vol. I, p. 389); the 
lower molars of the same species have been figured and described in the foregoing 
part of the present Memoir.^ These molar teeth are the only remains which 
have been described under the name of BramatJierium ; there is, however, a cranium 
of a large ruminant from Perim Island, allied to SwatJierium and Camelopardalis 
described and figured by its discoverer, Mr, Bettington, in the Journal of the Royal 
Asiatic Society for 1845 ( Vol. VIII, p. 340) ; an additional note on the specimen by 
Professor Owen will be found in the same volume {p. 417) ; no name was assigned 
to the specimen either by its discoverer or by Professor Owen, though the latter 
seemed inclined to place it in the genus SivatJierium. At the time of writing 
his own Memoir on the teeth of Bramallierium, Dr. Ealconer had not seen 
Mr. Bettington’s Memoir, both memoirs being published during the same year ; in 
a postscript, however. Dr. Ealconer mentions having seen an abstract of Mr. 
Bettington’s Memoir, and suggests that the specimen there described might possibly 
belong to the then new genus BramatJierium. Unfortunately, Mr. Bettington has 
not given the measurements of the molar teeth of his specimen, so that it is not 
possible to compare these teeth exactly with Dr. Ealconer’s specimens ; there is, 
however, in Mr. Bettington’s Memoir a half-sized figure of the molars of his speci- 
men, and on comparing this figure with the figures of Dr. Ealconer’s specimen, I 
find that the two correspond exactly both in size and form. On this ground, 
and as both specimens are from the same locality, I have no doubt but that 
Mr. Bettington’s specimen is really BramatJierium perimense, and I shall so consider 
it in the present Memoir. That cranium is characterised by being provided with 
two pafis of horn-cores, the posterior pair of which arose from the sides of the 
occipital crest, on distinct bases, and were directed outwards and backwards ; while 
the anterior pair took their origin from a common base situated a short distance 
‘ Pp. 42—60, Plate 7, fig 13. 
