163—76 CRANIA OR RUMINANTS RROM THE INDIAN TERTIARIES. 
the occipital condyles are placed high up on the occiput, and their long axes are 
nearly horizontal. The paroccipital processes are of enormous width, forming 
flat bony plates extending from the foramen magnum to the lateral borders of the 
occiput. Above the occipital crest the common base of the liorn-cores rise.s 
almost vertically, somewhat after the manner of the intercornual ridge of the oxen. 
It is impossible to say how much of this portion of the cranium is formed by the 
parietals and how much by the frontals, but I am inclined to think that in the 
middle line the parietals formed a very narrow strip as in the true oxen ; there is 
no trace of any horn-cores joining the occiput as occurs in the cranium of Brama- 
tlierium. 
On its palatal aspect the cranium, like that of Sivatlierium, is remarkable for the 
great relative width of the portion behind the molar series ; tlie outline of this as- 
pect of the skull presents the form of a blunt wedge, instead of the elongated wedge 
which usually occurs in this aspect of the. skulls of the other genera of Ruminants. 
In consequence of the direction of the foramen magnum, a palatal view of the con- 
dyles shows that these are separated only by a very narrow notch, scarcely any part 
of the foramen magnum itself being visible from below. The shape of the basi-occi- 
pital and sphenoid is that of an elongated wedge ; the former bone bears two pairs 
of tubercles ; the posterior pair are very small, closely approximated to the occipital 
condyles, and separated from each other by a considerable interval : the anterior 
pair are of much larger size ; they are narrow, approximated to each other, confluent 
anteriorly, and have their free extremities directed backwards ; between these tuber- 
cles and the glenoid cavity on either side is the foramen ovale in its normal posi- 
tion ; most of the other foramina are concealed by matrix, though the foramen lace- 
rum posterius may be distinguished at the base of the paroccipital process. The 
plane of the basi-cranial axis is unbroken, and is almost parallel to the plane of the 
palate ; in this important character the skull resembles the skulls of Camelopardalis 
and the deer, and differs widely from the skulls of the antelopes, sheep, goats, and 
oxen, in which the basi-cranial axis forms a considerable angle with the plane of 
the palate. The free margin of the palatines forms in the middle hue a wide semi- 
circular notch, which extends as far forwards as the penultimate molar, a character 
very unusual among Ruminants ; the palatine foramina are placed on the same line 
as the fore barrel of the penultimate molar ; the palatines are more like those of the 
Giraffe than any other Ruminant : whether they terminated on the median line in 
a point, as in the antelopes and sheep, or whether in a re-entering angle as in the 
Giraffe, is not shown in the present specimen. The palate is relatively wide, and the 
lines of the molars are nearly straight ; behind the last molars the maxillae and 
jugals diverge rapidly outwards : the glenoid cavity is wide, and has a large and 
slightly recurved post- glenoid process. 
The teeth of this genus have the same general form as those of the allied 
genera, and the enamel has the same general rugose character, though the sculp- 
turing is rather finer; apart, however, from their smaller size these teeth have 
