205 — 24 
SIWALIK AND NARBADA PROBOSCIDIA. 
are distinctly trefoil-shaped, caused by the union of the lateral tubercles with the 
main column. The length of this tooth is 5-2 inches, and its greatest width 
3 ’5 inches. 
Second lower milk-molar . — Turning now to the lower molar series of this 
species, of which three specimens are figured on Plate XXXIII, we may first con- 
sider the smallest of the three. This specimen (fig. 2) was found by Mr. Theobald 
with the young cranium noticed above, and belonged to the same individual. 
The tooth is implanted in a small fragment of the mandible, the remainder of 
which seems to have been unavoidably destroyed during the process of extricating 
the specimen, which was in juxtaposition with other valuable fossils : the tooth is 
implanted in the fragment of the jaw by two fangs. The outline of its crown in 
plan roughly approximate to an isosceles triangle, of which the apex is placed 
anteriorly ; the base of the triangle is somewhat damaged. The crown may be said 
to consist of two ridges, separated by a deep transverse valley, and of a hind talon. 
The anterior ridge has its longer diameter coincident with the longer diameter of 
the tooth, and consists of five agglomerated columns ; the three anterior columns of 
this ridge exhibit small surfaces of dentine exposed by detrition. The dentine 
surface on the lower border of the figure is the most worn ; this border, therefore, is 
the outer side of the tooth, which must consequently belong to the right ramus of 
the jaw. The second ridge has its transverse diameter longer than the antero- 
posterior, and runs somewhat obliquely to the long axis of the crown ; it is divided 
by an indistinct median cleft. The external column of this ridge exhibits a plane 
of detrition on its anterior surface, but the enamel has not been perforated. The 
enamel, as in the upper milk-molars, is much corrugated. The fragment of the 
mandible in which the tooth is implanted is laterally compressed to a slight extent. 
The dimensions of the specimen are as follows : — 
Length of tooth ........... 212 
Width of ditto ........... 1-45 
Height of crown of ditto . . . . . . . . . I’l 
Depth of jaw ........... 2'6 
Width of ditto ........... 2'0 
We shall subsequently see that this slight lateral compression of the mandible 
is only a character of the young animal, or possibly of the anterior portion of the 
mandible in the adult. 
With regard to the serial position of this tooth, it is evident that the specimen 
belongs to the milk-molar series, and also that it is of too large a size to be the 
first of the series, while it cannot be the third, as in that case it should carry three 
transverse ridges ; it must, therefore, be the second of the milk-molar series, and 
must consequently correspond in position with the upper tooth represented in 
fig. 2 of Plate XXXII. The relative size of the two teeth agrees well enough 
together ; the upper tooth, however, is somewhat more worn than the lower, which 
